Evaluación de las percepciones sobre el liderazgo según el género en el deporte juvenil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.114990

Palabras clave:

Deporte juvenil, liderazgo del entrenador, diferencias de género, percepción del liderazgo , deportes de equipo, deportes individuales punto

Resumen

Introducción y Objetivo. Este estudio busca analizar las asociaciones entre el género, el tipo de deporte y las percepciones del liderazgo del entrenador entre atletas jóvenes, incluyendo posibles efectos de interacción en las distintas dimensiones del liderazgo.

Metodología. Participaron 240 atletas juveniles de entre 13 y 17 años (edad promedio = 14.6; 50 % niñas) en una encuesta transversal utilizando la Escala de Liderazgo para el Deporte (LSS). La LSS evaluó cinco dimensiones del liderazgo: entrenamiento e instrucción, comportamiento democrático, comportamiento autocrático, apoyo social y retroalimentación positiva.

Resultados. Las percepciones del liderazgo variaron significativamente según el género. Las niñas calificaron más alto el comportamiento democrático (M = 4.3 vs. 3.5, p < 0.001, d = 1.91) y el apoyo social (M = 4.4 vs. 3.6, p < 0.001, d = 2.12), mientras que los niños puntuaron más alto en comportamiento autocrático (M = 3.8 vs. 2.7, p < 0.001, d = 2.26). El MANOVA mostró un efecto significativo del género (Wilks’ λ = 0.854, F (5, 232) = 7.85, p < 0.001, η² = 0.145) y del tipo de deporte (Wilks’ λ = 0.891, F (5, 232) = 5.42, p = 0.002, η² = 0.105), sin interacción significativa. Los atletas de deportes individuales percibieron mayor comportamiento democrático y retroalimentación positiva.

Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de adaptar el estilo de liderazgo al género y tipo de deporte para optimizar el desarrollo, la satisfacción y la permanencia de los atletas jóvenes.

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Publicado

03-09-2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Onea, G. A., & Alecu, S. (2025). Evaluación de las percepciones sobre el liderazgo según el género en el deporte juvenil . Retos, 71, 593-603. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.114990