Duas técnicas diferentes para a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior. Qual é a melhor em termos de controlo postural?

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.114375

Palavras-chave:

Ligamento cruzado anterior, reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior, terapia por exercício, fisioterapia, equilíbrio postural

Resumo

Introdução: As roturas do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) estão entre as lesões mais comuns do joelho. Estas lesões comprometem a estabilidade e a função e requerem frequentemente reconstrução cirúrgica. Compreender o controlo postural dos membros inferiores em doentes submetidos a reconstrução do LCA (LCA) com diferentes técnicas, sob o mesmo protocolo de reabilitação, é essencial para otimizar a recuperação e melhorar os resultados funcionais após a fisioterapia. Objectivo: Comparar a eficácia do protocolo de reabilitação no controlo postural entre a técnica osso-tendão-osso (BTH) do LCA e o enxerto colhido dos músculos semitendíneo e grácil (STG).

Metodologia: Foi realizada uma avaliação posturográfica 16 semanas após a cirurgia, utilizando um protocolo de reabilitação padronizado de 16 semanas, num grupo HTH (n=30; idade=32,16±8,73 anos; peso=78,03±9,53 kg; altura=1,69±0,06 m) e num grupo STG (n=38; idade=34,84±9,4 anos; peso=76,47±9,27 kg; altura=1,67±0,05 m).

Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na velocidade unilateral (p>0,05) e na área do centro de pressão unilateral (p>0,05) nos indivíduos submetidos a RLCA pela técnica HTH.

Discussão: Foram comparadas duas técnicas de RLCA sob o mesmo protocolo de reabilitação de 16 semanas, avaliando o equilíbrio e a estabilidade postural. Os resultados mostraram que a técnica HTH apresentou menos diferenças entre os membros lesados ​​e saudáveis, demonstrando melhores resultados do que o enxerto STG. No entanto, foram identificadas limitações metodológicas, bem como a necessidade de considerar fatores como a dominância dos membros em pesquisas futuras.

Conclusões: A técnica HTH RLCA apresenta melhores resultados de controlo postural após 16 semanas de fisioterapia.

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Publicado

16-09-2025

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Cancino-Jiménez, J., Moya-Jofre, C., Araya-Ibacache, M., Retamal-Espinoza, M., Arriagada-Tarifeño, D., Cifuentes-Silva, E., Miarka, B., & Aedo Muñoz, E. (2025). Duas técnicas diferentes para a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior. Qual é a melhor em termos de controlo postural?. Retos, 72, 643-653. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.114375