La Alta Sensibilidad del Procesamiento Sensorial y su relación con el equilibrio postural en personas mayores. (The High Sensitivity of Sensory Processing and its relationship with postural balance in older people.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106788Palabras clave:
Procesamiento sensorial, Equilibrio postural, Envejecimiento, Sensibilidad, Neurociencias.Resumen
El rasgo de alta sensibilidad al procesamiento sensorial (HSPST) es una característica neurológica específica que afecta al 20% de la población mundial. Se caracteriza porque la Persona Altamente Sensible (PAS) tiene altos niveles de capacidad empática, relatividad emocional y sensibilidad ante estímulos sutiles imperceptibles para los demás. Objetivo: Relacionar el rasgo del HSPST y el equilibrio postural en personas mayores. Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo correlacional. Se realizó en una única etapa mediante cuestionario presencial y evaluación del equilibrio postural. Los participantes en este estudio fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo accidental y no aleatorio de la ciudad de Punta Arenas, Chile. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 77 adultos mayores con edades entre 63 y 77 años. Resultados: La puntuación de la Escala de personas de alta sensibilidad (HSPS) predijo significativamente el resultado del equilibrio postural con los ojos cerrados (EC). El estudio demostró una correlación entre la puntuación HSPS y el equilibrio postural. Si bien se incrementó la puntuación HSPS, se esperaba un equilibrio postural en los adultos mayores. Conclusiones: las personas con un puntaje HSPS alto se establecería como predictor del resultado del equilibrio con EC, observándose que por cada aumento de una unidad en el puntaje HSPS, hay una disminución del 6% en la probabilidad de tener el equilibrio alterado.
Palabras clave: Procesamiento sensorial, Equilibrio postural, Envejecimiento, Sensibilidad, Neurociencias.
Abstract. High sensory processing sensitivity trait (HSPST) is a specific neurological characteristic affecting 20% of the world's population. It is characterized because the Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) has high levels of empathic capacity, emotional relativity, and sensitivity to subtle stimuli imperceptible to others. Objective: Relate the trait of the HSPST and postural balance in older people. Methods: This was a correlational. It was conducted in a single stage using a presential questionnaire and postural balance assessment. The participants in this study were selected by non-random, accidental sampling from the city of Punta Arenas, Chile. The sample comprised 77 older adults aged between 63 and 77 years. Results: The High Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) score significantly predicted the eye-closed (EC) postural balance outcome. The study demonstrated a correlation between the HSPS score and postural balance. While increasing the HSPS score, postural balance was expected in older adults. Conclusions: People with a high HSPS score would be established as a predictor of the result of balance with EC, observing that for every one unit increase in the HSPS score, there is a 6% decrease in the probability of having a balance altered.
Keywords: Sensory processing, Postural balance, Aging, Sensitivity, Neurosciences.
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