Effect of resistance training on insulin resistance without clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes in Jordanian men
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.112731Keywords:
resistance exercise, HOMA-IR, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, blood glucoseAbstract
Introduction: Resistance training has been associated with improved insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but its role in non-diabetic overweight individuals remains unclear.
This study aimed to evaluate whether progressive resistance training reduces insulin resistance in overweight men at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that such training would significantly improve insulin sensitivity markers.
Methods: Thirteen overweight male individuals (aged 30-50 years, BMI > 25 kg/m2, HOMA-IR > 1.9 mg/kg and HbA1c < 5.8%) participated in an 8-week supervised resistance training program ( 3 sessions/week). Strength was measured using no more than one repetition of each exercise. Pre- and post-training assessments included Bioelectrical impedance analysis, fasting blood insulin (FBI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, HbA1c and HOMA-IR.
Results: A significant gain in muscle mass (pre: 35.21 ± 3.18 kg vs. post: 36.12 ± 2.91 kg, p< 0.001) and a decrease in fat mass (pre: 30.93 ± 1.88 kg vs. post: 30.17 ± 1.82 kg, p<0.001) were observed. Rates of insulin resistance decreased significantly as insulin sensitivity improved with decreased FBI (pre: 12.16 ± 1.88 vs. post: 11.64 ± 1.52 μUI/mL, p< 0.05), while FBG remained unchanged. HbA1c levels dropped from 5.37 ± 0.31% to 5.10 ± 0.34% (p < 0.001). HOMA-IR scores improved significantly (pre: 2.77 ± 0.50 vs. post: 2.57 ± 0.42, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: In overweight Jordanian men at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a resistance exercise program administered 3 times per week for 8 weeks can significantly improve insulin resistance.
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