A eficácia de um programa de exercício tradicional tailandês para a saúde, fitness e equilíbrio em adultos mais velhos

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.117299

Palavras-chave:

Performance folclórica tailandesa, saúde e condicionamento físico, equilíbrio, idosos, exercício

Resumo

Introdução: À medida que as pessoas envelhecem, a aptidão física e o equilíbrio diminuem, o que pode ser prevenido com a participação em diversas formas de exercícios de movimento.

Objectivo: Este estudo investigou a eficácia do Programa de Exercícios de Performance Folclórica Tailandesa na saúde, aptidão física e equilíbrio em idosos.

Metodologia: Trinta voluntários com idades compreendidas entre os 60 e os 75 anos participaram numa intervenção de 8 semanas (3 sessões/semana). Cada sessão incluiu um aquecimento (10 minutos), um exercício principal incorporando o Programa de Exercícios de Performance Folclórica Tailandesa a 55-65% da FCmáx (30 minutos) e um relaxamento (10 minutos). As avaliações mediram a composição corporal, a flexibilidade (teste de coçar as costas, teste de sentar e alcançar), a força e a resistência muscular (teste de levantar da cadeira durante 30 segundos, teste de flexão de braços durante 30 segundos), a resistência cardiorrespiratória (teste de caminhada de 6 minutos) e o equilíbrio (teste de percurso de agilidade) antes e depois do teste. Analisámos os dados através do teste t pareado.

Resultados: Os resultados indicam que, após o teste, houve melhorias significativas na flexibilidade: coçar as costas direitas (p = 0,001), coçar as costas esquerdas (p = 0,008) e sentar e alcançar (p = 0,047). A força da parte inferior do corpo aumentou significativamente (teste de sentar e alcançar na cadeira de 30 segundos, p = 0,004). A resistência cardiorrespiratória melhorou (teste de caminhada de 6 minutos, p = 0,022). O equilíbrio melhorou significativamente (teste de percurso de agilidade, p < 0,001). Não se verificaram alterações significativas na composição corporal ou na força da parte superior do corpo.

Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que o programa de exercício de performance Thai Folk melhorou eficazmente a flexibilidade, a força e a resistência da parte inferior do corpo, a resistência cardiorrespiratória e o equilíbrio em idosos. A integração de elementos culturais com exercícios baseados em evidências proporciona uma abordagem culturalmente apropriada e envolvente para o envelhecimento saudável, oferecendo uma alternativa inovadora aos programas de exercício convencionais.

Referências

Aguilar Bolivar, A., Florez Villamizar, J. A., & Saavedra Castelblanco, Y. (2021). Capacidad aeróbica: Actividad física musicalizada, adulto mayor, promoción de la salud (Aerobic capacity: Musicali-zed physical activity, older adult, health promotion). Retos, 39, 953–960. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.67622

American College of Sports Medicine. (2014). ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (9th ed.). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Brandao-Loureiro, V., Castillo-Viera, E., Cachola, A., Rosa, T., & Loureiro, N. (2024). Quality of life, falls and functional mobility of Portuguese older adults during the COVID pandemic 19. Retos, 52, 491–498. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.95705

Burr J. F., Bredin S. S., Faktor M. D., & Warburton D. E. (2011). The 6-minute walk test as a predictor of objectively measured aerobic fitness in healthy working-aged adults. Phys Sportsmed, 39(2), 133-139. https://doi.org/10.3810/psm.2011.05.1904

Chalapud Narváez, L. M., & Molano Toba, N. J. (2023). Proprioceptive exercise program for the preven-tion of falls in the elderly. Retos, 48, 413–419. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96315

Chen, E. H., Bergdahl, A., & Roberts, M. (2024). Improvements in postural stability, dynamic balance, and strength following 12 weeks of online ballet modern dance classes for older women. Inter-national Journal of Exercise Science, 17(1), 682–700. https://doi.org/10.70252/TYTU2767

Chodzko-Zajko, W. J., Proctor, D. N., Fiatarone Singh, M. A., Minson, C. T., Nigg, C. R., Salem, G.J., & Skinner, J. S. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 41(7), 1510-1530. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c

Eglseer, D., Traxler, M., Embacher, S., Reiter, L., Schoufour, J. D., Weijs, P. J. M., Voortman, T., Boirie, Y., Cruz-Jentoft, A., & Bauer, S; SO-NUTS consortium. (2023). Nutrition and Exercise Interventions to Improve Body Composition for Persons with Overweight or Obesity Near Retirement Age: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr, 14(3), 516-538. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.001

Ferragut, C., Vila Suárez, M. E., Lima, M., Rodrigues, L. P., Bezerra, P., & Cancela Carral, J. M. (2023). Age-dependent changes in physical performance in community-dwelling elderly women: A cross-sectional study. Retos, 48, 527–531. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97070

Fookloytanan, N. (2023). The effects of an applied Isaan Song Dance exercise program on body com-position and physical fitness in elderly females. Journal of Physical Education, 26(1), 38-54. https://he03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/peswuJ/article/view/1260

Hui, E., Chui, B. T., & Woo, J. (2009). Effects of dance on physical and psychological well-being in older persons. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 49(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2008.08.006.

Kaltsatou, A., Kouidi, E., Fountoulakis, K., Sipka, C., Theochari, V., Kandylis, D., & Deligiannis, A. (2015). Effects of exercise training with traditional dancing on functional capacity and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil. 29(9), 882-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215514564085

Kattenstroth, J. C., Kalisch, T., Holt, S., Tegenthoff, M., & Dinse, H. R. (2013). Six months of dance inter-vention enhances postural, sensorimotor, and cognitive performance in elderly without affect-ing cardio-respiratory functions. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 26(5),5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2013.00005.

Li, L., Guo, S., Ding, B., & Zhang, J. (2024). Effectiveness of Tai Chi exercise on balance, falls, and motor function in older adults: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 11, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1486746

Li, S., Xiang, Y. Y., Woo, D. K., & Kim, J. S. (2025). Effects of Tai Chi exercise-induced improved balance on the enhancement of gait performance in female elderly. Exercise Science, 34(2), 108–116. https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2025.00031

Li, Y. Y., Hsueh, M. C., Park, J. H., Lai, T. F., Hung, Y. C., & Liao, Y. (2023). The association between a minimum amount of physical activity and subsequent muscle strength and balance in older adults: A prospective study. Behavioral Sciences, 13(4), 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040316

Lima, A. B., de, Marques, A., Peralta, M., Henriques-Neto, D., Bordado, J., Faber, M., Silva, R., & Rúbio, É. (2021). Functional fitness in older people: A population-based cross-sectional study in Borba, Amazonas, Brazil. Retos, 39, 731–736. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.78549

Matos-Duarte, M., Martínez de Haro, V., Sanz Arribas, I., & Berlanga, L. A. (2022). Lifestyle as a deter-minant of flexibility in the elderly. Retos, 43, 283–289. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88752

Niyomsat, Y., Nawanantawong, W., Keawampai, P., Thawichanok, W., & Srisukho, S. (2022). Effects of ram wong conga exercise on physical fitness among older persons in Nakhon Ratchasima. Re-gional Health Promotion Center 9 Journal, 12(2), 437-453. https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/RHPC9Journal/article/view/256570

Phanpheng, Y., & Buransri, M. (2021). Effects of Traditional Srichiangmai dance on balance and mobili-ty in the elderly. Medical Technology Journal, 11(2), 215-222. https://doi.org/10.32098/mltj.02.2021.02

Phanpheng, Y., Pongkan, P., Kusuma, I. D. M. A. W., Rohmansyah, N. A., Wongkiew, C., & Laha, W. (2024). The efficiency of Ram Thai with Nine Square dance on physical performance and cog-nitive functions: a model for elderly school. Retos, 58, 836–843. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107128

Saksanit, N., & Khongprasert, S. (2021). Effects of Thai dance training with ankle weight loading on gait performance and balance in elderly. Journal of Sports and Health Science, 22(3), 384-396. https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/spsc_journal/article/view/255652

Schoenfeld, B. J., Aragon, A. A., Wilborn, C. D., Krieger, J. W., & Sonmez, G. T. (2014). Body composition changes associated with fasted versus non-fasted aerobic exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 11(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-014-0054-7

Siddharth, S., & Mishra, S. (2022). Effect of Indian folk-dance therapy on physical performances and quality of life in elderly. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 14(1), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0030

Signorile, J. F. (2011). Bending the aging curve: The complete exercise guide for older adults. Human Kinetics.

Smuntavekin, S., Kittichotpanich, B., & Chawpreecha, O. (2021). Effects of a tai chi and aerobic training program on the muscular strength balance and quality of life of the elders. Journal of Public Health and Nursing Sciences, 13(2), 345-356. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/policenurse/article/view/250304.

Sooktho, S., Sangprapai, W., Junlatat, J., Daecha, N., & Thongkorn, K. (2022). Effects of apply local dance program on physical fitness and quality of life in older persons in Na Yia Sub-District, Na Yia District, Ubonratchathani Province. Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal of Research, 14(1), 99-115. https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/pnujr/article/view/251070.

Sriya, K., Rodploy, C., & Yingdamnun, P. (2024). Physical fitness promotion for health by using exercise activities adapted from local wisdom of the elderly in Maidat Subdistrict, Bang Rachan District, Singburi Province. Journal of Education Administration, 4(1), 252-264. http://ojs.mbu.ac.th/index.php/RJGE/article/view/2281

Supwirapakorn, W., Haenjohn, J., Kousurat, T., Singnoy, C., & Julvanichpong, T. (2024). Using local sports exercises to enhance physical abilities in older people. Evolutionary Studies in Imagina-tive Culture, 8(3), 714-722. https://doi.org/10.70082/esiculture.vi.2157

Thaqi, A., Berisha, M., & Shaqiri, K. (2023). The motor competency level of elderly people measured by Functional Movement Screen protocol. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(4), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0401

United Nations. (2019). World population ageing 2019: Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/430). Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.

Wang, D., Wang, P., Lan, K., Zhang, Y., & Pan, Y. (2020). Effectiveness of Tai Chi exercise on overall quality of life and its physical and psychological components among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 53(10), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X202010196

Xilidou, V., Zilidou, I., & Ntelios, D. (2019). Greek traditional dances: A way to support intellectual, psy-chological, and motor functions in senior citizens at risk of neurodegeneration. Frontiers in Ag-ing Neuroscience, 11, (6), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00006

Zhang, S., Qian, G., Xu, H., Gu, M., Mao, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhou, W. (2025). Effects of different exercise modalities on balance performance in healthy older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Geriatrics, 25(570), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06212-0

Zhang, Y., Guo, Z., Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., & Jing, L. (2024). Is dancing an effective intervention for fat loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis of dance interventions on body composition. PLoS One, 19(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296089

Downloads

Publicado

05-09-2025

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Thonglong, T., Supwirapakorn, W., & Singnoy, C. (2025). A eficácia de um programa de exercício tradicional tailandês para a saúde, fitness e equilíbrio em adultos mais velhos. Retos, 71, 780-787. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.117299