Uma revisão sistemática da integração de biomarcadores moleculares e parâmetros antropométricos para a monitorização da fadiga e inflamação em atletas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.117162Palavras-chave:
Antropométricos, atletas, biomarcadores, fadiga, inflamaçãoResumo
Introdução: A fadiga e a inflamação são processos fisiológicos essenciais que afetam a recuperação e o desempenho em atletas. No entanto, as estratégias de monitorização atuais falham frequentemente na integração de marcadores moleculares e antropométricos, limitando a sua aplicabilidade no desporto.
Objectivo: Avaliar criticamente as evidências recentes sobre a integração de biomarcadores moleculares e parâmetros antropométricos para avaliar a inflamação e a fadiga em atletas.
Metodologia: Seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA 2020, foi realizada uma pesquisa sistemática na Web of Science, ScienceDirect e PubMed. Foram incluídos quarenta e sete estudos revistos por pares em inglês, realizados em atletas humanos, que reportaram dados moleculares e antropométricos.
Resultados: Foram identificadas correlações entre a composição corporal e os biomarcadores de fadiga muscular, inflamação, regulação endócrina, imunidade e metabolismo. Foram comummente observadas cascatas de sinalização significativas, como o fator nuclear kappa B, a fosfatidilinositol-3-quinase/quinase dependente de fosfatidilinositol e o eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal. Maior massa muscular favorece a recuperação; maior gordura corporal está associada a maior inflamação e risco metabólico.
Discussão: A combinação de biomarcadores e parâmetros antropométricos melhora a precisão da monitorização fisiológica, especialmente em atletas treinados. É proposta uma estratégia dupla integrando indicadores moleculares e morfológicos.
Conclusões: A análise conjunta de biomarcadores e medidas antropométricas representa uma abordagem promissora para a monitorização individualizada na ciência do desporto.
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