As comunidades rurais são mais fisicamente activas na Indonésia: os resultados dos dados do inquérito nacional indonésio

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.115771

Palavras-chave:

Atividade física, urbana vs rural, bayesiana, política de saúde.

Resumo

Introdução: A atividade física é uma componente importante para a manutenção da saúde física e mental, incluindo a redução do risco de doenças crónicas e a melhoria da função cognitiva. No entanto, quase um quarto da população adulta global é fisicamente inactiva, e factores como a localização geográfica (urbana ou rural) e o estatuto socioeconómico influenciam os níveis de participação.
Objectivo: Identificar as diferenças nos níveis de actividade física entre as comunidades urbanas e rurais da Indonésia e identificar a influência da localização residencial, da riqueza e da idade na actividade física.
Metodologia: Este estudo utilizou os dados da quinta vaga do Inquérito à Vida Familiar da Indonésia (IFLS), com uma amostra de 20.611 inquiridos (57,4% urbanos, 42,6% rurais). Os níveis de atividade física foram medidos pelo equivalente metabólico da tarefa (MET) e analisados ​​utilizando a ANCOVA (com a residência como fator fixo e a riqueza e a idade como co-variáveis) e a ANCOVA bayesiana para comparar os modelos preditivos. Resultados: Verificou-se uma diferença significativa na atividade física entre as zonas urbanas e rurais (F = 100,893, *p* < 0,001), sendo as comunidades rurais mais ativas. O nível de riqueza teve um efeito significativo (F = 44,894, *p* < 0,001), enquanto a idade não (*p* = 0,428). O melhor modelo na análise bayesiana incluiu a residência e a riqueza (probabilidade posterior: 96,7%), confirmando a importância do contexto geográfico e económico.
Conclusões: As comunidades rurais na Indonésia são mais activas fisicamente do que as comunidades urbanas. As políticas de saúde pública devem priorizar as intervenções baseadas na localização. São necessários mais estudos para explorar outros factores, como o acesso a infra-estruturas e as percepções da comunidade sobre a actividade física.

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Publicado

2025-06-07

Como Citar

Haru Pradani, W., Guspa, A., Akbar, A., Hidayati, I., Feny Rahayu, W., Sukma Deri, P., & Oktarisa, F. (2025). As comunidades rurais são mais fisicamente activas na Indonésia: os resultados dos dados do inquérito nacional indonésio. Retos, 69, 646–653. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.115771

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.