Intervenções ergonómicas baseadas em alongamentos para aliviar a dor lombar e a fadiga no trabalho em enfermeiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.115188Palavras-chave:
Perturbações musculoesqueléticas, equipa de enfermagem, exercícios de flexibilidade, fadiga física, ergonomia no local de trabalho, promoção da saúdeResumo
Introdução: A dor lombar (DL) e a fadiga no trabalho são comuns entre os enfermeiros devido à atividade prolongada e às posturas não ergonómicas. São necessárias intervenções eficazes para abordar estes problemas.
Objectivo: Avaliar o efeito dos exercícios de alongamento na redução da DL e da fadiga no trabalho em enfermeiros do Hospital Prof. O Dr. W. Z. Yohannes em Kupang.
Metodologia: Estudo quase experimental com desenho pré-teste e pós-teste num único grupo com 20 enfermeiros selecionados aleatoriamente. A DL foi avaliada pelo Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry (ODI) e a fadiga foi avaliada pelo tempo de reação. A intervenção consistiu em exercícios de alongamento de 30 a 45 minutos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o teste t emparelhado com α = 0,05.
Resultados: Foi observada uma redução significativa da DL e da fadiga após a intervenção. Os valores do ODI diminuíram de 11,775 ± 3,952 para 9,45 ± 3,766 (redução de 19,74%, p = 0,000). A fadiga diminuiu de 421,525 ± 50,466 ms para 373,725 ± 39,543 ms (redução de 11,33%, p = 0,000).
Conclusões: Os exercícios de alongamento são eficazes na redução da lombalgia e da fadiga nos enfermeiros, provavelmente por melhorarem a flexibilidade muscular e a circulação. Recomenda-se a incorporação do alongamento nos programas de saúde ocupacional. Sugere-se a realização de mais investigação sobre os efeitos a longo prazo e estratégias ergonómicas adicionais.
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