O impacto das características locomotoras na capacidade de salto e no VO2máx em jogadores profissionais de futebol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114470Palavras-chave:
V02máx, futebol, capacidade de salto, desempenho, aptidão físicaResumo
Introdução e Objectivo. O objetivo do estúdio foi analisar as diferenças dos perfis de locomotores em futebolistas profissionais e a sua relação com o desempenho no salto e o consumo máximo de oxigénio (VO₂max).
Metodologia. 23 jogadores da Segunda Divisão da Liga Belga (27,6 ± 4,2 anos; 182,5 ± 6 cm; 77,29 ± 7,16 kg) realizaram a prova de salto com contramovimento (CMJ), um sprint de 30 metros e o teste 30-15 IFT para estimar o VO₂max. Os jugadores são classificados em perfis de Velocidade, Híbrido e Resistência.
Resultados. A análise descritiva mostra os valores mais elevados de velocidade aeróbia máxima (VAM) no perfil de resistência (5,98 ± 0,29), velocidade máxima de sprint (MSS) no perfil de velocidade (9,59 ± 0,49), reserva de velocidade anaeróbia (ASR) (3,96 ± 0,21) e CMJ também no perfil de Velocidade (40,55 ± 5,97), enquanto o VO₂max foi superior ao perfil de Resistência (58,57 ± 2,95). O CMJ mostrou uma contribuição significativa para a variação do VAM nos jogadores de resistência (Spearman’s rho = -0,804; p = 0,029), e no grupo da Velocidade o VO₂max associou-se fortemente ao VAM (Spearman’s = 0,872; p = 0,054) e ao MSS (Spearman’s = 0,900;
Conclusões. Os resultados sugerem que os perfis locomotores estão ligados a atributos neuromusculares e aeróbios específicos. O treino individualizado baseado nas características das locomotivas pode melhorar o desempenho ao potenciar as fortalezas específicas. Recomenda-se investigações adicionais para examinar os efeitos ao longo do caminho das intervenções personalizadas nos perfis físicos e no desempenho futbolístico
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Moisés Falces Prieto, Francisco Tomás González Fernández, Francisco Javier Iglesias Garcia, Samuel López Mariscal, José María Izquierdo Velasco
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