Escalada como aprendizagem experiencial: promover atitudes e práticas inclusivas

Autores

  • Rómulo Jacobo González García Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0331-4908
  • Daniel Ordiñana-Bellver Campus Capacitas. Universidad Católica de Valencia
  • Gabriel Martínez-Rico Campus Capacitas. Universidad Católica de Valencia
  • Carlos Pérez-Campos Campus Capacitas. Universidad Católica de Valencia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-2411

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.111529

Palavras-chave:

Atitudes inclusivas, Aprendizagem experiencial, Controlo percebido, Educação física, Inclusão

Resumo

Introdução: O artigo avalia o impacto da escalada como aprendizagem experiencial nas competências inclusivas dos estudantes de educação física. Fundamentado em teorias de inclusão e aprendizagem experiencial, destaca a importância de práticas pedagógicas que promovam atitudes inclusivas e preparem os futuros educadores para ambientes diversificados.
Objectivo: O objectivo foi analisar as mudanças nas atitudes em relação à deficiência, às normas subjectivas e ao controlo percebido após uma sessão de escalada inclusiva.
Metodologia: O desenho quase-experimental incluiu medidas de pré-teste e pós-teste em 25 estudantes universitários. Durante a atividade, os participantes trabalharam com indivíduos com deficiência intelectual, enfrentando desafios colaborativos num ambiente de escalada adaptado.
Resultados: Os resultados mostraram melhorias significativas nas atitudes em relação à deficiência e nas normas subjetivas, indicando uma maior consciencialização sobre a inclusão. No entanto, foi observada uma diminuição do controlo percebido, reflectindo insegurança na capacidade de implementar práticas inclusivas. As intenções futuras de realizar tais atividades também diminuíram, possivelmente influenciadas pela perceção de risco associada à escalada.
Discussão: A discussão destaca que a aprendizagem experiencial promove mudanças positivas nas atitudes e normas, mas a diminuição da perceção de controlo reforça a necessidade de formação adicional em gestão de risco. Estas descobertas sugerem que, embora a escalada seja uma ferramenta eficaz para promover competências inclusivas, a sua implementação requer estratégias complementares para fortalecer a autoconfiança.
Conclusões: Em conclusão, a escalada facilita o desenvolvimento de atitudes inclusivas, mas deve ser integrada em formações específicas para maximizar o seu impacto nos futuros profissionais.

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Publicado

2025-07-06

Como Citar

González García, R. J., Ordiñana-Bellver, D., Martínez-Rico, G., & Pérez-Campos, C. (2025). Escalada como aprendizagem experiencial: promover atitudes e práticas inclusivas. Retos, 69, 322–338. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.111529

Edição

Secção

Impacto social da educação física e do desporto