Análisis de los programas de salud y bienestar y su relación con las lesiones en jugadores de fútbol y futsal: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Cristiana Mercê Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior Santarém Polytechnic University, School of Sport (Portugal)  Sport Physical activity and health Research & INovation cenTer (SPRINT), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal) Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal)  Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon (Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-6597
  • Bárbara Tavares Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior Santarém Polytechnic University, School of Sport (Portugal) https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4081-7706
  • Rafael Oliveira Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior Santarém Polytechnic University, School of Sport (Portugal) Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal) Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-6229

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.110486

Palabras clave:

Lesiones, salud mental, fútbol, futsal, jóvenes

Resumen

Introducción: El fútbol y el futsal están asociados con un alto riesgo de lesiones luego, con el desarrollo de problemas de salud mental. Aunque existen programas de salud y bienestar para reducir lesiones, la literatura aún los explora poco, por lo que su efectividad sigue siendo incierta.

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar una revisión sistemática sobre los efectos de los programas de salud y bienestar sobre la incidencia de lesiones en atletas de fútbol y futsal.

Metodología: Se buscaron estudios en PubMed, EBSCO y Web of Science. La literatura seleccionada se basó en programas de salud y bienestar aplicados a jugadores de fútbol y, después de su implementación, se examinó la diferencia en la incidencia de lesiones. Se seleccionaron estudios que utilizaron un diseño experimental para comparar a los atletas antes y después de la intervención.

Resultados: Siete estudios se clasificaron como de buena calidad metodológica, mientras que cuatro se clasificaron como de calidad moderada y uno como de calidad pobre. De un total de 329, 12 estudios fueron seleccionados según los criterios de elegibilidad.

Conclusiones: Los diferentes estudios abordaron varios tipos de programas (e.g., Mindfulness, Terapia de inoculación del estrés y biorretroalimentación, Psicología y fisioterapia, Yoga). Los programas redujeron la incidencia de lesiones deportivas en fútbol, mejoraron el rendimiento individual y de equipo y redujeron la tensión muscular. Sin embargo, la investigación es escasa y se necesitan más estudios.

Biografía del autor/a

Rafael Oliveira, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior Santarém Polytechnic University, School of Sport (Portugal) Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal) Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Santarém Polytechnic University (Portugal)

 

 

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Publicado

2025-06-10

Cómo citar

Mercê, C., Tavares, B., & Oliveira, R. (2025). Análisis de los programas de salud y bienestar y su relación con las lesiones en jugadores de fútbol y futsal: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 69, 31–44. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.110486

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Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis