Condutas no treino desportivo e respostas emocionais associadas aos traumas temporomandibulares em estudantes deportistas durante a pandemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.110010Palavras-chave:
Atletas, comportamento, COVID-19, emoções, atividade física, estudantes, distúrbios temporomandibularesResumo
Introdução: As consequências da pandemia do coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 podem afetar a atividade física, a saúde mental e a saúde oral dos estudantes atletas.
Objectivo: Determinar a prevalência de Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DTMs) e os comportamentos de treino desportivo e as respostas emocionais associados em estudantes atletas durante o isolamento devido à COVID-19.
Metodologia: 643 estudantes atletas de um departamento desportivo universitário chileno (com uma idade média de 22,05 ± 2,94 anos) foram avaliados através de um inquérito online para registar as DTM e rever os comportamentos de treino desportivo e as respostas emocionais durante o isolamento devido à COVID-19.
Resultados: 40% dos estudantes atletas referiram materiais de treino inadequados, 70% sentiram melhorias na sua condição física e mais de 50% referiram dificuldade em dormir. Falta de concentração, irritabilidade e ansiedade também foram relatadas. 65,47% apresentavam DTM. Os sintomas mais frequentemente referidos foram tensão ou nervosismo (35,15%), aumento da frequência de dores de cabeça (31,73%), estalidos na ATM ao mastigar ou abrir a boca e ranger ou apertar os dentes (25,97%). Foram encontradas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre os comportamentos de treino desportivo, as respostas emocionais e as variáveis DTM. Notavelmente, o impacto psicológico foi fortemente associado aos sintomas de DTM (r = 0,416, p < 0,001), enquanto os problemas comportamentais apresentaram uma correlação moderada com o impacto psicológico e uma fraca correlação inversa com a prevalência de DTM.
Conclusões: A ansiedade, a irritabilidade e os distúrbios do sono estiveram fortemente associados ao aumento dos sintomas de DTM durante a COVID-19. Uma associação moderada com dificuldades comportamentais realça a necessidade de abordar os domínios psicológico e comportamental em futuras intervenções desportivas e de saúde, especialmente durante os lockdowns.
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