Revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a otimização da atividade física para o VIH e condições crónicas

Autores

  • Tri Johan Agus Yuswanto Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang
  • Rita Yulifah Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang
  • Miftahul Munir Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban
  • Karyo Karyo Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban
  • Fitriana Kurniasari Solikhah Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.108634

Palavras-chave:

Atividade física, condições crónicas, VIH/SIDA, hepatite B, Hepatite C, DPOC, artrite reumatoide, resultados de saúde, orientações de exercício, doença cardiometabólica

Resumo

Introdução: A actividade física é essencial para a promoção da saúde, particularmente para indivíduos com doenças crónicas como o VIH/SIDA, hepatites B e C, DPOC e artrite reumatóide. Esta revisão sistemática tem como objetivo sintetizar a investigação existente sobre os benefícios, riscos, tipos recomendados, diretrizes e dosagem de atividade física para indivíduos com estas doenças crónicas.

Método: Seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA, incluímos ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos de coorte, estudos longitudinais e estudos transversais publicados em revistas com revisão por pares em inglês. As fontes de dados incluíram PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO. Os termos de pesquisa centraram-se na atividade física e nas doenças crónicas, utilizando operadores booleanos para uma cobertura abrangente. O risco de viés foi avaliado com a ferramenta JBI Critical Appraisal, e a força da evidência foi avaliada com a estrutura GRADE.

Resultados: A atividade física reduz significativamente o risco de doenças cardiometabólicas, melhora a força, a saúde cardiovascular e melhora a função imunitária em indivíduos com doenças crónicas. Os regimes eficazes incluem treino aeróbico e de resistência combinados, exercícios cardiorrespiratórios e programas domiciliários. No entanto, o exercício de resistência pode aumentar os marcadores inflamatórios e o stress oxidativo, necessitando de programas personalizados e de supervisão médica para garantir a segurança.

Conclusão: A atividade física oferece benefícios substanciais para a saúde dos indivíduos com doenças crónicas como o VIH/SIDA, hepatite B e C, DPOC e artrite reumatoide. Esta revisão fornece orientações baseadas em evidências para que os profissionais de saúde otimizem as intervenções de atividade física, enfatizando as prescrições individualizadas para maximizar os benefícios e minimizar os riscos.

Referências

Goldstein S. Parents ’ perceptions of HIV counselling and testing in schools : Study methodology deeply flawed. Iranian Journal of Public Health. 2014;104(5):323–4.

Van Velthoven MHMMT, Brusamento S, Majeed A, Car J. Scope and effectiveness of mobile phone mes-saging for HIV/AIDS care: A systematic review. Vol. 18, Psychology, Health and Medicine. 2013. p. 182–202.

Didigu CA, Wilen CB, Wang J, Duong J, Secreto AJ, Danet-Desnoyers GA, et al. Simultaneous zinc-finger nuclease editing of the HIV coreceptors ccr5 and cxcr4 protects CD4+ T cells from HIV-1 infec-tion. Blood. 2014;123(1):61–9.

Yeung MW, Young J, Moodie E, Rollet-Kurhajec KC, Schwartzman K, Greenaway C, et al. Changes in quality of life, healthcare use, and substance use in HIV/hepatitis C coinfected patients after hepatitis C therapy: A prospective cohort study. HIV Clinical Trials. 2015 May 1;16(3):100–10.

Which F, Effectiveness I, Hiv T, Mother F, Child TO. Factors Which Influence Effectiveness Prevention Transmission Hiv From Mother To Child. Health Frontiers: A Multidisciplinary Journal for Health Professionals. 2023;1(2):77–84.

Zhang C, Li X, Liu Y, Qiao S, Zhang L, Zhou Y, et al. Emotional, physical and financial burdens of stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS in China. AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical As-pects of AIDS/HIV. 2016;28(0):124–31.

Betancourt TS, Meyers-Ohki SE, Charrow A, Hansen N. Annual research review: Mental health and resilience in HIV/AIDS-affected children - A review of the literature and recommendations for future research. Vol. 54, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines. 2013. p. 423–44.

Chilaka VN, Konje JC. HIV in pregnancy – An update. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology [Internet]. 2021;256:484–91. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.11.034

Chidrawi HC, Greeff M, Temane QM, Doak CM. HIV stigma experiences and stigmatisation before and after an intervention. Health SA Gesondheid [Internet]. 2016;21:196–205. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hsag.2015.11.006

Osuna-Padilla IA, Maza-Moscoso CP, Del Río-Requejo IM. The role of nutrition and dietary supple-ments in the management of diarrhoea in HIV patients: A review of the literature. HIV and AIDS Review. 2019;18(3):158–64.

Rice WS, Logie CH, Napoles TM, Walcott M, Batchelder AW, Kempf MC, et al. Perceptions of intersec-tional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States. Social Science and Medicine [Internet]. 2018;208:9–17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.05.001

Fitriyani RA, Waluyo A. Family acceptance, peer support, and HIV serostatus disclosure of MSM-PLWHA in Medan, Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica. 2019;29:648–52.

Earnshaw VA, Lang SM, Lippitt M, Jin H, Chaudoir SR. HIV Stigma and Physical Health Symptoms: Do Social Support, Adaptive Coping, and/or Identity Centrality Act as Resilience Resources? AIDS and Behavior. 2014;19(1):41–9.

Brandt C, Zvolensky MJ, Woods SP, Gonzalez A, Safren SA, O’Cleirigh CM. Anxiety symptoms and disor-ders among adults living with HIV and AIDS: A critical review and integrative synthesis of the empirical literature. Vol. 51, Clinical Psychology Review. 2017. p. 164–84.

Serrão R, Piñero C, Velez J, Coutinho D, Maltez F, Lino S, et al. Non-AIDS-related comorbidities in peo-ple living with HIV-1 aged 50 years and older: The AGING POSITIVE study. International Jour-nal of Infectious Diseases. 2019;79:94–100.

Handayani S, Mardhiati R. Keberlanjutan Peran Dukungan Sebaya di Dalam Sistem Penanggulangan HIV di Tingkat Provinsi dan Kota/Kabupaten Indonesia. Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan.

Smit PJ, Brady M, Carter M, Fernandes R, Lamore L, Meulbroek M, et al. HIV-related stigma within communities of gay men: A literature review. Vol. 24, AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV. 2012. p. 405–12.

Nyirenda M. Assessment of cardiovascular disease risks using Framingham risk scores (FRS) in HIV-positive and HIV-negative older adults in South Africa. Preventive Medicine Reports. 2021;22:101352.

Primasari NA, Nursalam N, Efendi F. Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and behavior of con-dom use among women living with HIV aids. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and De-velopment. 2019;10(10):1870–3.

UNAIDS. UNAIDS FACT SHEET. Global HIV Statistics. Ending the AIDS epidemic. 2020;1–3.

Atujuna M, Newman PA, Wallace M, Eluhu M, Rubincam C, Brown B, et al. Contexts of vulnerability and the acceptability of new biomedical HIV prevention technologies among key populations in South Africa: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(2):1–17.

Arscott J, Humphreys J, Merwin E, Relf M. “That Guy is Gay and Black. That’s a Red Flag.” How HIV Stigma and Racism Affect Perception of Risk Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men. AIDS and Behavior [Internet]. 2020;24(1):173–84. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02607-4

Martawinarti RTSN, Nursalam N, Wahyudi AS. Lived Experience of People Living With HIV/AIDS in Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy a Qualitative Study. Jurnal Ners. 2020;15(2):157–63.

Peltzer JN, Ogawa L, Tusher S, Farnan R, Gerkovich MM. A Qualitative Description of HIV-Infected Afri-can American Women’s Experiences of Psychological Distress and Their Coping Strategies. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care [Internet]. 2017;28(2):226–37. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2016.09.010

Moir S, Chun TW, Fauci AS. Pathogenic mechanisms of HIV disease. Annual Review of Pathology. 2011;6:223–48.

Mhlanga NL, Netangaheni TR. Physical activity and diet for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people living with HIV in Harare. Vol. 29, Health SA = SA Gesondheid. 2024. p. 2445.

Rueda S, Mitra S, Chen S, Gogolishvili D, Globerman J, Chambers L, et al. Examining the associations between HIV-related stigma and health outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS: a series of meta-analyses. BMJ open. 2016;6(7):e011453.

Van Tam V, Larsson M, Pharris A, Diedrichs B, Nguyen HP, Nguyen CTK, et al. Peer support and im-proved quality of life among persons living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment: A randomised controlled trial from north-eastern Vietnam. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2012;10.

Muhith A, Prasetyaning L, Nursalam. Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) HIV-AIDS pada Tahanan di Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas I Surabaya. Jurnal Ners. 2012;7(2):116–20.

Downloads

Publicado

07/14/2025

Edição

Secção

Revisões teóricas sistemáticas e/ou metanálises

Como Citar

Yuswanto, T. J. A., Yulifah, R., Munir, M., Karyo, K., & Solikhah, F. K. (2025). Revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a otimização da atividade física para o VIH e condições crónicas. Retos, 70, 588-599. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.108634