Características psicológicas individuais de jogadores de futebol sub-17 na Indonésia e na Malásia: abordagem a partir da psicologia do esporte
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107674Palavras-chave:
Individual, Psychological Characteristics, Developmental Pathways, Football, Indonesia, MalaysiaResumo
O futebol é complexo porque envolve aspectos físicos, competência técnica, capacidade de compreensão tática e condições psicológicas. Este estudo centra-se na exploração das características psicológicas que os jogadores de futebol sub-17 na Indonésia e na Malásia precisam para se tornarem jogadores de futebol profissionais no futuro. O pesquisador utilizou um método qualitativo com uma abordagem de teoria fundamentada para encontrar essas características psicológicas. O investigador conduziu entrevistas, observações e análise de documentos para recolher dados de 25 treinadores de futebol na Indonésia e na Malásia que já possuem licença de treinador de futebol e têm pelo menos cinco anos de experiência como treinadores de futebol sub-17 que participaram neste estúdio. Espera-se que a licença e o conhecimento dos treinadores sejam fontes valiosas de informação neste estudo. Os dados coletados foram analisados através de diversas etapas, começando com codificação aberta, codificação axial e codificação seletiva, para encontrar temas que emergiram dos dados do treinador. Além disso, para facilitar o agrupamento dos dados, o investigador também realizou a análise dos dados com o auxílio de um software de pesquisa qualitativa, nomeadamente o NVivo 14. Este estudo encontrou cinco características psicológicas que podem ajudar os jogadores sub-17 a progredir profissionalmente. A primeira característica é o aspecto cognitivo da capacidade intelectual do jogador, estabelecimento de metas, imaginação, concentração e vontade. Em segundo lugar, os fatores afetivos envolvem autoconfiança, felicidade, motivação e autocontrole. Terceiro, os fatores comportamentais incluem disciplina, atitude, comprometimento e respeito. Quarto, os fatores de personalidade incluem coragem, adaptabilidade e resistência mental. O último fator é o aspecto espiritual, que exige que os jogadores tenham rituais e cultos sociais. O elemento psicológico não é o principal fator de sucesso dos jogadores de futebol, mas é determinante. Com o desenvolvimento da colaboração científica para o futebol, os treinadores de futebol ou partes interessadas na Indonésia e na Malásia podem utilizar os resultados deste estudo como base para criar programas para o desenvolvimento do futebol em ambos os países.
Palavras-chave: indivíduo, características psicológicas, trajetórias de desenvolvimento, futebol, Indonésia, Malásia
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