Contact with Paralympic sport as a means to change children's perception of people with disabilities

Abstract

The objective of this study, of a qualitative and exploratory nature, was to verify whether an indirect contact with people with disabilities (PWD), through media materials related to Paralympic sport, can change children's perception of these people. We interviewed 18 children from six to 12 years old, 13 of whom were interviewed in a focus group and 5 individually. First, we asked the children to write on a sheet of paper the first five words that came to mind when they heard the expression “person with a disability”. Aftwerwards, we conducted a semi-structured interview in order to explore more deeply what they had written. Subsequently, we showed two videos that contained images of PWD successfully carrying out daily, professional, artistic, and mainly, sporting activities. Then, we repeated the five words dynamicand conducted a new interview in order to check if there were changes in the children's perception. Before the videos, all interviewees, except for two, expressed a vision focused on the deficiencies and / or assistive technologies used by PWD. They also expressed a perception based on three stigmas usually associated with these people: that they are "disabled", "incapable" and "poor things". After the videos, all of them expressed a more positive understanding of PWD, with a greater focus on their capabilities than on their supposed limitations. This study indicates that materials such as the ones we showed children can be used as pedagogical resources to problematize prejudices and stigmas normally related to PWD, so that we can promote a more positive perception of them.