Adaptación y validación de la escala de resiliencia para personal militar del ejército español (EBRET-JG12)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117442

Palabras clave:

Ejército, inteligencia emocional, instrumento, militares, resiliencia

Resumen

Introducción: La resiliencia psicológica está vinculada al éxito de las operaciones militares. El personal resiliente busca apoyo social, mantiene una alta autoestima y se adapta positivamente a la adversidad. La actividad física, integral en las funciones militares, también fomenta la resiliencia al mejorar la salud física, la regulación emocional y el manejo del estrés.

Objetivo: Adaptar y validar la Escala de Resiliencia en una muestra de personal del Ejército de Tierra español y examinar la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y la resiliencia.

Metodología: Para ello, la escala se adaptó al español y se evaluaron sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra militar del Ejército de Tierra español (N = 739), compuesta por oficiales, suboficiales y tropa, con una edad media de 33,29 años (DT = 7,48). Las medidas utilizadas fueron la Escala de Resiliencia y el Inventario Breve de Inteligencia Emocional para Personas Mayores.

Resultados: El análisis factorial confirmatorio reveló una estructura unidimensional con doce ítems, mostrando un buen ajuste del modelo.

Discusión: La escala demostró fiabilidad y validez estructural en este contexto. Se encontró que la resiliencia se relaciona positivamente con la inteligencia emocional.

Conclusiones: La nueva Escala Breve de Resiliencia para Personal Militar Español (EBRET-JG12) proporciona evidencia adecuada de validez y fiabilidad para su uso dentro de esta institución. Dado que la resiliencia psicológica está estrechamente asociada con una mejor salud mental y una mayor capacidad de afrontamiento, contar con una herramienta válida y fiable para su evaluación en el contexto militar es esencial.

Biografía del autor/a

  • José Gabriel Soriano-Sánchez, Universidad de La Rioja

    Doctorando en Educación y Psicología en la Universidad de La Rioja (España). Máster Universitario en Intervención en Convivencia Escolar por la Universidad de Almería (España) y Máster en Dirección y Transformación digital de Centros Docentes por la Universidad de Nebrija (España). Ha publicado diferentes artículos en revistas científicas de impacto: MDPI, Anales de Psicología, entre otras. Además, ha participado en Proyectos de Investigación por la Universidad de Almería.

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16-10-2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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Soriano-Sánchez, J. G., & Sastre-Riba, S. (2025). Adaptación y validación de la escala de resiliencia para personal militar del ejército español (EBRET-JG12). Retos, 73, 740-756. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117442