Psychological and behavioral foundations: a focus on discipline and mental toughness in youth football development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.115767Keywords:
Discipline, Mental toughness, Football development, Sport psychologyAbstract
Introduction: Becoming a professional football player is the dream of every boy in Indonesia because it can be watched and loved by many people. However, the path of development towards professional players is not easy. There are many challenges and problems that football players must face.
Objective: This study aims to determine and explore what key behaviours football players must possess toward professional players.
Methodology: This study used qualitative research methodology to answer its objectives. It examined and obtained information from 10 coaches with a football coaching license and experience of at least five years. Researchers collect research data through interviews, observation, and document analysis, which are then triangulated so that the data obtained is not solely from one source.
Results: The results showed that football players must possess two key behaviours to reach the professional level, namely discipline and seriousness and playing during the development path.
Discussion: The data obtained reveals several behaviours, but discipline and seriousness are the key factors or main behaviours needed to become a professional football player.
Conclusions: With this information, it is hoped that coaches and everyone involved in football player development can focus on training programs to develop these two behaviours. Coaches will also be more easily able to detect players.
References
Akbar, A., Purnomo, E., Mahayunan, G. R., Karim, Z. A., Irta, A. Z., Santoso , I. ., Oktarisa, F. ., Lusiria, D., & Yonghong, G. (2024). Individual psychological characteristics of under-17 football players in Indonesia and Malaysia: sport psychology approach. Retos, 58, 368–376. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107674
Amin Akbar , Zulakbal Abd Karim , Jaffry Zakaria , Rizal Kurniawan , Firunika Intan Cahyani , Free Dirga Dwatra , Rinaldi (2023). The Role of Mental Toughness in Improving Achievement: The Per-spective of Sport Psychology on Student-Athletes. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(6), 1376 - 1382. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2023.110623.
Bae, J., & Cho, E. (2021). Examining the role of life skills in mediating the relationship between the basic psychological needs and subjective well-being of taekwondo student-athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11538), 1–12.
Bell, A. F., Knight, C. J., Lovett, V. E., & Shearer, C. (2022). Understanding elite youth athletes’ knowledge and perceptions of sport psychology. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 34(1), 155–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2020.1719556
Bird, M. D., Simons, E. E., & Jackman, P. C. (2020). Mental toughness, sport-related well-being, and men-tal health stigma among National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 23(4), 1–16.
Chinkov, A. E., & Holt, N. L. (2016). Implicit Transfer of Life Skills Through Participation in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 28(2), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2015.1086447
Cowden, R. G. (2017). On the mental toughness of self-aware athletes: Evidence from competitive ten-nis players. South African Journal of Science, 113(1-2), 1–6.
Denison, J., Mills, J. P., & Konoval, T. (2017). Sports’ disciplinary legacy and the challenge of ‘coaching differently.’ Sport, Education and Society, 22(6), 772– 783.
Ekasatya., Afriansyah. (2016). Penggunaan software atlas.ti sebagai alat bantu proses analisis data kualitatif. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 5(2), 53-63.
Fauzee, M. S. ., Saputra, Y., Samad, N., & Gheimi, Z. (2012). Mental toughness among footballers: A case study. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(1), 639–658.
Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z. E. (2004). A mindfulness-acceptance-commitment-based approach to athlet-ic performance enhancement: Theoretical considerations. Behaviour Therapy, 35(4), 707–723.
Gibson, W., & Brown, A. (2009). Working with qualitative data. Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
Gusril, G., Komaini, A. ., Arrasyih, F., Cholik Mutohir, T., Salleh Aman, M., Chaeroni, A., & Andika, H. (2024). Children's play activities are viewed from the geographical location aspect. Retos, 60, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.108938
Holt, N. L., & Dunn, J. G. H. (2004). Toward a grounded theory of the psychosocial competencies and environmental conditions associated with soccer success. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16(3),199–219.
King, R. (2023). Maximizing multi-disciplinary teams’ impact in high-performance sport maximizing multi-disciplinary team impact in high-performance sport: exploring problem solving, deci-sion-making, expertise, & team performance. Blended Intellligence Multi-Disciplinary, 1–11.
Kurniawan, R., Akbar, A., Elvika, R. R., Taslim, F., Yasmin, M., Aviani, Y. I., Armaita, A., & Nurmina, N. (2024). Personality and athletic performance: A study of Indonesian U-17 football pla-yers. Retos, 60, 370–376. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.108827
Komatsu, S., Yoshinuma, S., Kato, C., & Aoki, K. (2021). Consideration on factors related to athletes’ men-tal toughness. Psychology, 12(04), 595–606.
Konoval, T., Denison, J., & Mills, J. (2021). Fitting in and getting fit: a post-structuralist analysis of ath-letes’ experiences of less disciplinary coaching practices. Sports Coaching Review, 10(3), 249–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/21640629.2021.1896210
Lebar, O. (2021). Kajian kualitatif: pengenalan kepada teori dan metode edisi kedua. Tanjung Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Low, W. R., Butt, J., Freeman, P., Stoker, M., & Maynard, I. (2019). Effective Delivery of Pressure Train-ing: Perspectives of Athletes and Sport Psychologists William. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(1), 1–14. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI
Low, W. R., Freeman, P., Butt, J., Stoker, M., & Maynard, I. (2023). The role and creation of pressure in training: Perspectives of athletes and sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 35(4), 710–730. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2022.2061637
Meizara, E., & Dewi, P. (2018). The implementation of mental training method in sport to increase ath-lete’s mentality at student education and exercise (PPLP) Makassar. 3rd Asian Conference on Psychology, Counseling and Humanities (AC-PCH 2017), 133, 17–19.
Mishra, A., & Ray, R. (2010). Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact : Festivals 2.0: Consuming, Producing and Participating in the Extended Festival Experience., 13/10(1), 97–114.
Nuryadi, Negara, J. D. K., Gumilar, A., Saputra, M. Y., Mulyana, Mudjianto, S., Ruswanto, L., Firmansyah, H., Novan, N. A., Purnomo, E., Burhaein, E., & Carsiwan. (2024). Dual Career Athletes: Discipli-nary Analysis of Individual and Team Athletes in the Academic Environment. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 12(4), 685–691. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2024.120410
Pache, G. (2020). Sustainability Challenges in Professional Football: The Destructive Effects of the Soci-ety of the Spectacle. Journal of Sustainable Development, 13(1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v13n1p85
Purnomo, E., Ma’mun, A., Kusmaedi, N., Hendrayana, Y., Jermaina, N., Amirudin, A., Fitryona, N., & Sari, D. M. (2024). Integration of Social Values Through Sport. Retos, 52, 144–153. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.102459
Rahaman, A., Karim, Z. A., Nadzalan, A. M., & Akbar, A. (2024). Challenges and Issues Encountered by Elite Coaches in Developing Student-Athletes at Malaysian Sports Schools. Retos, 56, 797–809. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.104742
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Amin Akbar, Fuccy Utamy Syafitiri, Zulakbal Abd Karim, Abdul Muiz Nor Azmi, Guo Yong Hon, Girli Ron Mahayunan, Eko Purnomo, Firunika Intan Cahyani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.