Motivation and Perception of Parental Support: A Study with Young Athletes of Individual and Team Sports (Motivación y Percepción del Apoyo de los Padres: Un Estudio con Jóvenes Atletas de Deportes Individuales y de Equipo)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.93007Keywords:
parental suport, parental involvement, motivational guidance, sports initiation, ( apoyo de los padres, implicación de los padres, orientación motivacional, iniciación deportiva)Abstract
Parental support in relation to their children's sporting trajectory guides sporting development. This study aimed to analyze the perception of athletes about their parents' involvement and motivational orientation in relation to their participation in sports. A total of 319 athletes, aged between 7 and 18 years (13.3±2.73), from different sports, participated in the research. The instruments Parental Involvement Sport Questionnaire (PISQ) and Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) were used. The results show that the athletes perceive parental participation most strongly in the dimension Directive Behavior (3.17±1.54). Active Involvement showed a mean score of (3.80±1.52), demonstrating that the participants consider their parents to "almost never" participate actively in the sports context. The data suggest that in team sports there is a greater perception of parental control over sporting behavior (p=0.015). Parental participation in team sports proved to be more active when compared to individual sports (p<0.001). In conclusion, the research points to the importance and influence that parental support, as well as the motivational guidance profile of athletes can have, in the segment, continuity, physical and emotional development, and even performance in sport.
Resumen. El apoyo de los padres en relación con la trayectoria deportiva de sus hijos orienta el desarrollo deportivo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepción de los deportistas sobre la implicación y orientación motivacional de sus padres en relación a su participación en el deporte. Participaron de la investigación un total de 319 atletas, con edades entre 7 y 18 años (13,3±2,73), de diferentes deportes. Se utilizaron los instrumentos Parental Involvement Sport Questionnaire (PISQ) y Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ). Los resultados muestran que los deportistas perciben con mayor fuerza la participación de los padres en la dimensión Comportamiento directivo (3,17±1,54). La Participación Activa mostró una puntuación media de (3,80±1,52), demostrando que los participantes consideran que sus padres "casi nunca" participan activamente en el contexto deportivo. Los datos sugieren que en los deportes de equipo existe una mayor percepción de control parental sobre el comportamiento deportivo (p=0,015). La participación de los padres en deportes de equipo demostró ser más activa en comparación con los deportes individuales (p<0,001). En conclusión, la investigación apunta para la importancia e influencia que el apoyo de los padres, así como el perfil de orientación motivacional de los deportistas pueden tener, en el segmento, la continuidad, el desarrollo físico y emocional, e incluso el rendimiento deportivo.
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