Effect of aerobic vs. anaerobic exercise in cardiometabolic risk of the pediatric population whit overweight and obese: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.113087Keywords:
Cardiovascular, child-hood, obesity, over-weight, trainingAbstract
Introduction: Pediatric obesity is a growing global issue that has serious repercussions on quality of life and long-term health.
Objective: This study compared the impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on cardiometabolic risk and quality of life in children with obesity and overweight.
Methodology: This systematic review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 statement in its search, using different databases and complemented by grey literature. Experimental studies published between 2003 and 2023, in different languages, were included. Three articles met the inclusion criteria.
Results: This study shows reductions in visceral fat, intrahepatic lipids, and body weight in both types of exercise. In the aerobic exercise group, a decrease in visceral adipose tissue of -0.1 ± 0.04 kg (p < 0.0001) and liver fat of -1.9 ± 1.0% (p = 0.049) was observed. The anaerobic group also showed reductions in visceral adipose tissue of -0.2 ± 0.04 kg (p < 0.0001) and liver fat of -2.0 ± 1.0% (p = 0.047). Additionally, aerobic exercise excelled in improving cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂ peak of 9.1 ± 0.9 mL/kg/min; p < 0.0001) and insulin sensitivity (0.4 ± 0.2 mL/kg/min·mU/mL; p = 0.125).
Conclusions: Changes in different cardiometabolic risk parameters allow us to conclude that concurrent exercise has greater benefits for children with obesity and overweight.
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