Analysis of coaches’ behavior in soccer youth competition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.102895Keywords:
Coaches, Football, Verbal behavioursAbstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the verbal behaviors used by coaches during a State competition in the Under-11 age category. Two coaches from who competed in the State Championship participated in the study. The coaches were filmed using a mobile device positioned on the side of the field, opposite the technical area, ensuring a frontal recording of the coach. To record the coaches' audio, a wireless lavalier-style microphone was used during the games, so that voice data could be captured simultaneously. To analyze the verbal behavior of coaches, the Coach Analysis and Intervention System (CAIS) was used. The results highlight that the verbal behaviors of silence and instruction were the most frequent among coaches. Furthermore, it was possible to identify when the interventions were given, who they were aimed at, and the type of content covered by the coaches. Therefore, coaches can have different behaviors, depending on the context, inside or outside the game.
Keywords: Coaches, Football, verbal behaviors, instruction, and feedback.
References
Agustí, D., Ballester, R., Juan-Blay, J., Taylor, W., & Huertas, F. (2020). The Academic Background of Youth Soccer Coaches Modulates Their Behavior During Training. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(September), 2535.
Allan, V., & Côté, J. (2016). A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Coaches’ Observed Emotion-Behavior Profiles and Adolescent Athletes’ Self-Reported Developmental Outcomes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 28(3), 321–337. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2016.1162220
Batista, J., Goncalves, B., Sampaio, J., Castro, J., Abade, E., & Travassos, B. (2019). The influence of coaches’ instruction on technical actions, tactical behaviour, and external workload in football small-sided games. Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 8(1), 29–36.
Bettega, O., Scaglia, A., Nascimento, J., Ibáñez, S., & Galatti, L. (2018). O ensino da tática e da técnica no futebol: concepção de treinadores das categorias de base. Retos, 33, 112–117.
Brandes, M., & Elvers, S. (2017). Elite youth soccer players’physiological responses,time-motion characteristics, and game performance in 4 vs.4small-sided games: the influence of coach feedback. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2652–2658.
Côté, J., & Erickson, K. (2015). Diversification and Deliberate Play during the Sampling Years. In J. Baker & D. Farrow (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Sport Expertise (pp. 305–316). London: Routledge.
Cushion, C., Ford, P. R., & Williams, M. (2012). Coach behaviours and practice structures in youth soccer: Implications for talent development. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(15), 1631–1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.721930
Cushion, C., Harvey, S., Muir, B., & Nelson, L. (2012). Developing the coach analysis and intervention system (CAIS): Establishing validity and reliability of a computerised systematic observation instrument. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.635310
Diloy-Penã, S., Sevil-Serrano, J., Abós, Á., Sanz-Remacha, M., & García-González, L. (2022). Diferencias entre el modelo técnico-tradicional y el modelo comprensivo en la motivación y compromiso de jóvens deportistas: un estudio transversal. Retos, 44, 421–432.
Dos Santos, F., Sequeira, P., Lopes, H., & Rodrigues, J. (2014). O comportamento de instrução dos treinadores de jovens de futebol em competição. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología Del Ejercicio y El Deporte, 9(2), 451.
Dos Santos, F., Sequeira, P., & Rodrigues, J. (2012). A comunicação dos treinadores de futebol de equipes infanto-juvenis amadores e profissionais durante a competição. Motriz: Revista de Educacao Fisica, 18(2), 262–272.
Figueiredo, P. (2015). Análise multidisciplinar da atividade de um treinador de uma equipa de futebol no escalão de sub-19. Universidade de Lisboa.
Galatti, L., Bettega, O., Paes, R., Reverdito, R., Seoane, A., & Scaglia, A. (2017). O Ensino Dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos: Avanços Metodologicos Dos Aspectos Estratégico-Tático-Técnicos. Pensar a Prática, 20(3), 639–654. https://doi.org/10.5216/rpp.v20i3.39593
Goes, A., Lima, J., Machado, J., & Scaglia, A. (2022). Aplicando a Pedagogia do jogo: reflexões sobre a intervenção do(a) treinador(a). In P. . Borges, A. Teixeira, J. . Silva, & M. . Saad (Eds.), Concepções transdisciplinares sobre a organização ofensiva do jogo de futebol (1st ed., pp. 81–100). Educs.
Hicheur, H., Chauvin, A., Cavin, V., Fuchslocher, J., Tschopp, M., & Taube, W. (2020). Augmented-feedback training improves cognitive motor performance of soccer players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 52(1), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002118
Machado, J., & Scaglia, A. (2022). Pedagogia do Esporte e o ensino com jogos. In F. Clemente (Ed.), Filipe Clemente .(Org). Pequenos Jogos para Treinar em Grande (1st ed., pp. 175–209). Estoril: Prime Books.
Paixão, P., Fuentes-Guerra, J., Domínguez, B., Nogales, J. A., Rodríguez, J., & Robles, M. T. (2021). Perfil y concepción de la enseñanza del entrenador de fútbol base de la región de Beja (Portugal). Retos, 42, 344–352. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.87365
Partington, M., & Cushion, C. J. (2012). Performance during performance: using Goffman to understand the behaviours of elite youth football coaches during games. Sports Coaching Review, 1(2), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/21640629.2013.790167
Pérez, B., & Seoane, A. (2015). Influencia de un programa de intervención en las conductas de los entrenadores de baloncesto en categorías de formación. Cuadernos de Psicología Del Deporte, 15(3), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1578-84232015000300025
Purnomo, E., Aisyah, S., Hadjarati, H., Azis, A., Suardika, I. K., Jermaina, N., & Gumilar, A. (2024). The Coach’s Role in Understanding the Athletes’ Condition: Maximizing Communication Functions El papel del entrenador en la comprensión de la condición de los deportistas: maximizar las funciones de comunicación. Retos, 55, 543–551. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Smith, M., & Cushion, C. J. (2006). An investigation of the in-game behaviours of professional, top-level youth soccer coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(4), 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500131944
Touguinhó, D., Galatti, L., & Vasconcellos, F. (2023). Como avaliar a comunicação de treinadores e treinadoras de futebol? Retos, 47, 1031–1040. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95568
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.