Análisis multivariante de los determinantes antropométricos de la carga de entrenamiento en el bádminton juvenil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.117465

Palabras clave:

Carga de entrenamiento , antropometría, atletas juveniles, rendimiento en bádminton, análisis de conglomerados

Resumen

Antecedentes: El monitoreo de la carga de entrenamiento en atletas juveniles es esencial para optimizar el rendimiento y reducir el riesgo de lesiones; sin embargo, existe investigación limitada sobre cómo las características antropométricas influyen en la tolerancia a la carga en el bádminton. Este estudio investigó la asociación entre las medidas de carga de entrenamiento y los perfiles antropométricos en jugadores juveniles competitivos.

Métodos: Participaron cincuenta atletas, hombres y mujeres, con la carga externa registrada mediante sensores acelerométricos y evaluaciones antropométricas realizadas bajo protocolos estandarizados. Se aplicó el algoritmo de clustering Louvain para clasificar a los jugadores en diferentes grupos de carga, mientras que la regresión logística multinomial (RLM) identificó los predictores clave de la clasificación de carga.

Resultados: El clustering Louvain reveló tres grupos de carga distintos: Alta (HL), Moderada (ML) y Baja (LL), reflejando patrones naturales en la distribución de la carga externa. El análisis de RLM mostró que la estatura, el peso corporal y la longitud de pierna fueron predictores significativos de la clasificación. Los jugadores más altos y pesados tendieron a pertenecer al grupo HL, mientras que una mayor longitud de pierna se asoció positivamente con la clasificación ML, posiblemente vinculada a la mecánica de zancada y la economía del movimiento. Otras medidas circunferenciales (cintura, cadera, perímetro braquial medio) tuvieron un impacto mínimo, y los años de experiencia no predijeron significativamente la tolerancia a la carga.

Conclusión: Estos hallazgos subrayan el valor de combinar técnicas de clustering basadas en redes con modelos multivariados para capturar interacciones complejas en la carga del atleta. En la práctica, los resultados sugieren que ciertos rasgos antropométricos, particularmente la estatura, la masa corporal y la longitud de las extremidades, desempeñan un papel importante en la capacidad de los atletas para sostener cargas de entrenamiento. La integración de evaluaciones antropométricas individualizadas en el monitoreo de carga puede respaldar estrategias de entrenamiento basadas en evidencia que potencien el rendimiento y reduzcan el riesgo de lesiones en jugadores juveniles de bádminton.

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Publicado

10-09-2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Afzal, S., Bhaskar Raj, N., Muazu Musa, R., Binti Rahim, M., & Ishfaq Khan, M. (2025). Análisis multivariante de los determinantes antropométricos de la carga de entrenamiento en el bádminton juvenil. Retos, 71, 988-997. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.117465