¿Mediación del apoyo social en la relación entre la autoconfianza y la ansiedad ante el aprendizaje de la gimnasia? Datos procedentes de educación primaria

Autores/as

  • Nofiya Wahyu Widy Astutik Yogyakarta State University
  • Dimyati Dimyati Yogyakarta State University (Indonesia)
  • Caly Setiawan Yogyakarta State University (Indonesia)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.116827

Palabras clave:

autoconfianza, apoyo social, ansiedad de aprendizaje, gimnasia, alumnos de primaria

Resumen

Introducción y Objetivo. Este estudio pretende examinar el papel mediador del apoyo social en la relación entre la autoconfianza y la ansiedad de aprendizaje en gimnasia entre educación primaria. La ansiedad de aprendizaje en educación física es una cuestión importante, ya que las actividades basadas en el rendimiento, como la gimnasia, suelen generar presión psicológica en los alumnos.

Metodología. Se empleó un diseño de investigación cuantitativo, causal-asociativo, en el que participaron 180 alumnos de cuarto curso seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio proporcional. Los datos se recogieron utilizando instrumentos validados: una escala de autoconfianza basada en la teoría de Lauster, una escala de ansiedad ante el aprendizaje de la gimnasia y una escala de apoyo social adaptada de Zimet et al. (1988). El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM) a través de SmartPLS 4.

Resultados. Los resultados demostraron que la autoconfianza tenía un efecto positivo significativo sobre el apoyo social (β = 0,848, t = 31,238, p < 0,001), mientras que el apoyo social tenía un efecto negativo significativo sobre la ansiedad de aprendizaje en gimnasia (β = -0,694, t = 7,960, p < 0,001). Sin embargo, el efecto directo de la autoconfianza sobre la ansiedad de aprendizaje no fue significativo (β = -0,101, t = 1,159, p = 0,247). El análisis de mediación reveló un efecto indirecto significativo de la autoconfianza sobre la ansiedad de aprendizaje a través del apoyo social (β = -0,589, t = 7,386, p < 0,001), lo que indica una mediación completa.

Conclusiones. Estos resultados ponen de relieve el papel esencial del apoyo social en la reducción de la ansiedad de aprendizaje de la gimnasia en educación primaria. El estudio recomienda que los profesores de educación física fomenten un entorno de aprendizaje solidario, empático y colaborativo para mitigar eficazmente la ansiedad durante las actividades de gimnasia.

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Publicado

09/04/2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Astutik, N. W. W., Dimyati, D., & Setiawan, C. (2025). ¿Mediación del apoyo social en la relación entre la autoconfianza y la ansiedad ante el aprendizaje de la gimnasia? Datos procedentes de educación primaria . Retos, 72, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.116827