La influencia del IMC en los errores de evaluación del cribado de competencia motriz en varones moderadamente activos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.116377Palabras clave:
Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), estocadas con rotación, movement compe-tency screening (MCS), moderadamente activos, flexiones de brazos (push-ups), sentadilla unipodal, lesionesResumen
Introducción: El Movement Competency Screening (MCS) es una herramienta validada para evaluar la calidad del movimiento y orientar programas de ejercicio individualizados.
Objetivo: Analizar la influencia del índice de masa corporal (IMC) en los resultados del MCS y localizar las regiones anatómicas con deficiencias de movimiento en varones moderadamente activos.
Metodología: Estudio transversal con 30 hombres (19–49 años), evaluados mediante los criterios del MCS (100 puntos) en tres movimientos: zancadas con giros, flexiones de brazos y sentadillas unipodales.
Resultados: Se observó alta competencia en tren superior, destacando las flexiones con 95,9% de precisión. En contraste, surgieron déficits marcados en tren inferior y core: baja precisión en sentadillas unipodales (20,0%) y pobre alineación de rodilla en zancadas (46,7%). El análisis con la prueba U de Mann-Whitney mostró diferencias asociadas al IMC: sujetos con sobrepeso (≥25 kg/m²) presentaron mayor inestabilidad lumbar y errores de equilibrio (42,9% vs. 6,3%; p = .017), mientras que los de IMC normal cometieron más errores de rodilla (75,0% vs. 28,6%; p = .010). La competencia lumbar fue moderada (60–80%).
Discusión: El MCS identificó ineficiencias biomecánicas, pero la relación inversa entre IMC y errores de rodilla sugiere que las puntuaciones estándar podrían confundir adaptaciones corporales con disfunciones.
Conclusiones: El MCS resulta útil en poblaciones moderadamente activas, aunque se recomienda ajustar los criterios de evaluación según el IMC para mejorar la precisión diagnóstica.
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