Efecto de la intensidad del ejercicio sobre SOD, Bcl-2 testicular, células espermatogénicas y calidad de cromatina espermática

Autores/as

  • Priscilia Intan Universitas Airlangga https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2162-1281
  • Reny I`tishom Universitas Airlangga, Department of Biomedical Science and Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-7786
  • Ria Margiana Universitas Indonesia, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia; Universitas Airlangga, Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6747-0117
  • Ahmad Hizamuddin Qoid Abu Mabruk Universitas Airlangga, Master of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia
  • Syed Baharom Syed Ahmad Fuad Universiti Teknologi MARA, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3680-4900
  • Gadis Meinar Sari Universitas Airlangga, Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry Science, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9178-8926

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.109374

Palabras clave:

Genes bcl-2, fertilidad, salud reproductiva, espermatogénesis, superóxido dismutasa

Resumen

Introducción: El efecto del ejercicio en la calidad del esperma y los mecanismos relacionados es aún inconcluso. 

Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de diferentes intensidades de ejercicio sobre la expresión testicular de superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y del gen leucemia/linfoma-2 de células B (Bcl-2), el recuento de células espermatogénicas y la calidad de la cromatina espermática. 

Metodología: Estudio experimental con 40 ratones machos jóvenes (Mus musculus, cepa Deutschland-Denken-Yoken, 23-35 gramos) asignados aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos (n=10). El grupo control no realizó ejercicio, mientras que los grupos de ejercicio de baja, moderada y alta intensidad nadaron tres veces por semana durante cuatro semanas, con cargas atadas a sus colas equivalentes al tres, seis y nueve por ciento de su peso corporal, respectivamente. Se evaluaron las expresiones testiculares de SOD y Bcl-2 con inmunohistoquímica, el recuento de células espermatogénicas histológicamente y la calidad de la cromatina espermática tinción con azul de anilina. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA de un solo factor, prueba de Diferencia Mínima Significativa y Games-Howell, con un nivel de significancia del cinco por ciento. 

Resultados: Se encontraron expresiones significativamente mayores de SOD y Bcl-2 en los grupos de intervención (p<0.001). El grupo de baja intensidad presentó el mayor recuento de espermatocitos y espermátides (p<0.050). No ubo diferencias significativas en espermatogonias ni en la calidad de la cromatina.

Conclusiones: Las distintas intensidades de ejercicio influyen de forma variable en la espermatogénesis y en los niveles testiculares de SOD y Bcl-2, siendo el ejercicio de baja intensidad el más beneficioso.

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2025-07-02

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Intan, P., I`tishom, R., Margiana, R., Abu Mabruk, A. H. Q., Syed Ahmad Fuad, S. B., & Sari, G. M. (2025). Efecto de la intensidad del ejercicio sobre SOD, Bcl-2 testicular, células espermatogénicas y calidad de cromatina espermática. Retos, 70, 447–461. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.109374

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Vol. 70 (2025)

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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Derechos de autor 2025 Priscilia Intan, Reny I`tishom, Ria Margiana, Ahmad Hizamuddin Qoid Abu Mabruk, Syed Baharom Syed Ahmad Fuad, Gadis Meinar Sari

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