Mecanismos fisiológicos del aumento del volumen máximo de oxígeno mediante el entrenamiento en juegos reducidos: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116525Palabras clave:
SSG, ejercicio físico, aptitud física, VO2máxResumen
Antecedentes. La capacidad máxima de oxígeno de un atleta, o VO2máx, es una medida crucial de su rendimiento aeróbico. Dado que los juegos reducidos (JRE) incorporan componentes tácticos, técnicos y físicos a la vez, han ganado popularidad como herramienta didáctica. Según diversos estudios, los JRE pueden aumentar el VO2máx al inducir estímulos fisiológicos, como una mayor frecuencia cardíaca y un mayor consumo de oxígeno. Por lo tanto, es fundamental examinar a fondo los procesos fisiológicos que subyacen al aumento del VO2máx provocado por el entrenamiento con JRE.
Objetivo. Este estudio buscó determinar si la práctica de juegos reducidos aumentaba el VO2máx. Materiales y métodos. Para nuestra revisión sistemática, examinamos diversas bases de datos bibliográficas, como Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science y Science Direct. Buscamos literatura publicada entre 2020 y 2025 que abordara el VO2Max y los juegos en espacios reducidos. Se encontraron otros 664 artículos publicados utilizando las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed y Science Direct. Se seleccionaron y revisaron diez artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión para esta revisión sistemática. En este estudio se utilizaron los Elementos de Informe Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis (PRISMA) para evaluar los procedimientos operativos estándar.
Resultados. Diez estudios examinados han demostrado que el entrenamiento con juegos reducidos aumenta significativamente el VO2máx.
Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio sistemático indican que se ha demostrado que jugar a juegos reducidos aumenta el VO2máx. Para atletas y deportistas, puede ser una alternativa para intentar aumentar el VO2máx mediante el entrenamiento con juegos reducidos.
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