Comparación de rodilleras de neopreno de alta y baja densidad en el rendimiento de sentadillas traseras y CMJ

Autores/as

  • Jorge Leschot Gatica Universidad de las Américas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-0475
  • Eduardo Guzman Muñoz Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás.: Talca, CL https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-9004
  • Miguel Alarcón-Rivera Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás.: Talca, CL
  • Marco Montoya-Ramos Montoya Ramos universidad católica de la santísima concepción
  • Lytton Leiva-Díaz universidad católica de la santísima concepción

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.114153

Palabras clave:

CMJ, ayuda ergogénica, rendimiento muscular, levantamiento de potencia, entrenamiento resistido

Resumen

Introducción: Las rodilleras de neopreno son ampliamente utilizadas como ayudas ergogénicas en deportes de fuerza para mejorar el rendimiento y reducir el riesgo de lesiones. Recientemente han surgido modelos de alta densidad (HD), que ofrecen mayor rigidez y soporte en comparación con las tradicionales de baja densidad (LD).

Métodos: Este estudio descriptivo comparativo incluyó a 19 hombres entrenados (18–35 años) que realizaron pruebas de sentadilla trasera y salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) bajo ambas condiciones de rodillera (HD y LD), en un diseño con medidas repetidas. Las variables evaluadas fueron el máximo de una repetición (1RM), la velocidad propulsiva media (MPV), la altura de salto y la potencia.

Resultados: Las rodilleras HD mejoraron significativamente el 1RM en comparación con las LD (diferencia media = 5,45 kg; IC 95% [−8,13; −2,76]; p = 0,0005; tamaño del efecto = 0,26). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la MPV (β = 0,019 m/s, p = 0,31), altura de salto (β = −0,67 cm, p = 0,546) ni potencia (β = −12,5 W, p = 0,448).

Conclusiones: Las rodilleras de alta densidad mejoraron la fuerza máxima sin afectar significativamente la velocidad ni el rendimiento en el salto. Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer estudio que compara directamente rodilleras de neopreno de alta y baja densidad, aportando evidencia novedosa sobre el impacto ergogénico de la densidad del material en sujetos con experiencia en entrenamiento de fuerza.

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Publicado

2025-07-14

Cómo citar

Leschot Gatica, J., Guzman Muñoz, E., Alarcón-Rivera, M., Montoya Ramos, M. M.-R., & Leiva-Díaz, L. (2025). Comparación de rodilleras de neopreno de alta y baja densidad en el rendimiento de sentadillas traseras y CMJ. Retos, 69, 755–765. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.114153

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas