Impacto del género, la urbanización y la preferencia alimentaria en la composición corporal de los estudiantes universitarios después de la COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.113972Palabras clave:
Composición corporal, preferencias alimentarias, diferencias de género, factores del estilo de vida, urbanizaciónResumen
Introducción: El confinamiento por COVID-19 alteró significativamente el estilo de vida de los estudiantes universitarios, afectando su actividad física y hábitos alimentarios, lo que impactó su composición corporal.
Objetivo: Este estudio analizó la influencia del género, la urbanización y las preferencias alimentarias en la composición corporal de los estudiantes de la Universidad Central de Punyab, India, después del confinamiento.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal con 410 estudiantes (235 hombres, 175 mujeres) clasificados según su urbanización (200 urbanos, 210 rurales) y hábitos alimentarios (147 vegetarianos, 263 no vegetarianos). Los parámetros de composición corporal se midieron utilizando el analizador de composición corporal MA601.
Resultados: Los hombres presentaron mayor agua intracelular y extracelular, proteínas, minerales y masa magra, mientras que las mujeres mostraron mayor masa grasa, porcentaje de grasa corporal y grasa subcutánea. Los estudiantes rurales tuvieron mayor agua intracelular, proteínas, masa magra y tasa metabólica basal, mientras que los urbanos mostraron más masa grasa y grasa subcutánea. Las preferencias alimentarias tuvieron una influencia mínima en la mayoría de los parámetros. La evaluación de la calidad muscular indicó que los hombres, los estudiantes rurales y los no vegetarianos tenían una fuerza de agarre significativamente mayor.
Discusión: Estos hallazgos coinciden con investigaciones previas sobre diferencias de género y urbanización en la composición corporal, aunque el escaso impacto de la dieta requiere más estudios. La naturaleza transversal del estudio y el uso de datos autoinformados sobre la dieta pudieron influir en los resultados.
Conclusiones: Tras el confinamiento por COVID-19, el género y la urbanización influyeron significativamente en la composición corporal de los estudiantes, mientras que la dieta tuvo un efecto menor. Futuras investigaciones deberían explorar los efectos a largo plazo del estilo de vida en poblaciones diversas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Sanjeev Kumar, Hemantajit Gogoi, Somanpreet Singh, Mukesh Kumar Verma, Kuldeep Nara, Swati Choudhary, Parveen Kumar, Poli Borah, Karuppasamy Govindasamy
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