Efecto de 24 sesiones de ejercicios de estiramiento realizados antes de ejercicios de resistencia sobre las respuestas hemodinámicas (Effect of 24 sessions of stretching exercises performed before resistance exercises on hemodynamic responses)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.101998

Palabras clave:

estiramiento, entrenamiento de fuerza, sistema cardiovascular, presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca

Resumen

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el efecto de 24 sesiones de ejercicios de estiramiento realizados antes de ejercicios de resistencia versus sesiones de ejercicios de resistencia sobre las respuestas hemodinámicas de individuos sedentarios. Treinta voluntarios (26.76±6.29 años de edad, 81.56±10.66 kg de peso corporal, 1.74±0.07 m de altura y 26.74±.82 kg/m2 de índice de masa corporal) participaron en este estudio. Después de realizar la prueba y la retest de 10 repeticiones máximas (10RM), los voluntarios se dividieron en 3 grupos: a) ejercicios de estiramiento + ejercicios de resistencia (EE+ER); b) ejercicios de resistencia (ER) y c) grupo de control (GC). El ER se compuso de 3 series de 10 repeticiones al 80% de 10RM con un intervalo de 2 minutos entre series de ER precedidas o no por 3 series de 30 segundos de EE. La presión arterial (PA) se evaluó utilizando un dispositivo oscilométrico automático en la sesión 0, sesión 12 y sesión 24 de entrenamiento. La presión arterial sistólica (PAS), la presión arterial diastólica (PAD), la presión arterial media (PAM), la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), el doble producto (DP) y la saturación de oxígeno (SpO2) se midieron después de 10 minutos de reposo. La comparación entre grupos se realizó mediante la prueba de Kruskal Wallis con corrección de Bonferroni y un 5% de significancia (p < 0.05). La PAD mostró una diferencia significativa al comparar la sesión 0 vs. la sesión 24 (p = 0.006) para el protocolo ER. La PAM disminuyó significativamente después de la sesión 24 para el protocolo ER en comparación con los otros protocolos (p = 0.016) y la diferencia entre la sesión 0 vs. la sesión 24 (p = 0.022). Se encontró una diferencia significativa en el protocolo EE+ER (p = 0.029) en comparación con la sesión 0 vs. la sesión 24 del GC. Este estudio mostró que el ER mejoró la respuesta de la PAD y la PAM, y que la combinación de EE+ER mejoró la respuesta de SpO2 después de 24 sesiones de entrenamiento.

Palabras clave: estiramiento, entrenamiento de fuerza, sistema cardiovascular, presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca.

Abstract. The present study aimed to compare the effect of 24 sessions of stretching exercises performed before resistance exercises versus resistance exercise sessions on the hemodynamic responses of sedentary individuals. Thirty volunteers (26.76±6.29 years old, 81.56±10.66 kg body weight, 1.74±0.07 m height, and 26.74 ±.82 kg/m2 body mass index) participated in this study. After performing the test and retest of 10 maximum repetitions (10RM), the volunteers were divided into 3 groups: a) stretching exercise + resistance exercise (SE+RE); b) resistance exercise (RE) and c) control group (CG). The RE was composed of 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 10RM with a 2-minute interval between sets of RE preceded or not by 3 sets of 30 seconds of SE. Blood pressure (BP) was assessed using an automatic oscillometric device at session 0, session 12 and session 24 of training. Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean BP (MAP), heart rate (HR), double product (DP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured after 10 minutes of rest. Comparison between groups was performed by Kruskal Wallis test with Bonferroni correction and 5% significance (p < 0.05). DBP showed significant difference when comparing session 0 vs. session 24 (p = 0.006) for the RE protocol. MAP decreased significantly after session 24 for the RE protocol compared to the other protocols (p = 0.016) and difference between session 0 vs. session 24 (p = 0.022). Significant difference was found in SE + RE protocol (p = 0.029) compared to session 0 vs. session 24 GC. This study showed that RE improved the DBP and MAP response and that the combination of SE+RE improved the SpO2 response after 24 training sessions.

Keywords: stretching, strength training, cardiovascular system, blood pressure, heart rate

Referencias

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03-08-2024

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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da Silva Araújo, G. ., Rodrigues da Conceição, R., da Silva Telles, L. G. ., Monteiro, E. R., Corrêa Neto, V. ., Miranda, H. ., Lopes Evangelista, A. ., Macedo Vianna, J. ., Moutinho Leitão, L. F. ., de Souza Ribeiro, M. ., Giannocco, G. ., & da Silva Novaes, J. . (2024). Efecto de 24 sesiones de ejercicios de estiramiento realizados antes de ejercicios de resistencia sobre las respuestas hemodinámicas (Effect of 24 sessions of stretching exercises performed before resistance exercises on hemodynamic responses). Retos, 57, 407-415. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.101998