The rise of paddle surfing: economic impact assessment and business opportunities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117035Keywords:
Economic impact, market growth, Spain, sports tourism, stand-up , paddle-boardingAbstract
Introduction: this article examined the global and local economic impact and business opportunities associated with the increasing popularity of stand-up paddleboarding. the evolution of this sport from its origins in surfing to its current widespread appeal was highlighted, emphasizing its physical, sociocultural, and environmental dimensions.
Objective: the objective was to analyze the economic effects and market growth of stand-up paddleboarding, both internationally and specifically in Spain, as well as to identify the main drivers and future prospects of the sector.
Methodology: a descriptive methodology was used, combining the review of sectoral reports, statistical data, and information provided by national associations, focusing on market growth rates, investment trends, and the contribution to gross domestic product.
Results: the results showed significant global expansion of the stand-up paddleboarding market, with projections of reaching USD 3.17 billion by 2030 and a compound annual growth rate of 9.6%. In Spain, the sector experienced an annual growth of 15% in recent years, with an estimated turnover of 228 million euros in 2023, mainly driven by the increase in tourism and investment in related infrastructure and services.
Discussion: the discussion contrasted these findings with other studies, confirming the positive economic impact of water sports and the growing interest in outdoor activities. the development of new equipment and the diversification of activities such as touring, yoga, and fishing contributed to the expansion of the market.
Conclusions: in conclusion, stand-up paddleboarding was identified as a sport with considerable economic influence and promising prospects in the sports and leisure industry, both globally and in the spanish context.
References
Addison, C. (2010). The history of stand up paddling. SUP World Magazine. Recuperado el 02/03/2025, de https://www.supworldmag.com/the-history-of-stand-up-paddling/
Astorga Verdugo, S. A., Gonzalez Silva, S. P., Campos Saavedra, G. D., Martinez Araya, A. R., Zamorano Sanchez, C. E., Guzman-Muñoz, E. E., … Rojas Cabezas, G. (2024). Efectos de un entrenamiento muscular de core sobre la postura, funcionalidad y la presencia de dolor en estudiantes univer-sitarias con dolor lumbar. Retos, 58, 338–343. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.103964
Báez-Suárez, A., & Moreham, B. L. (2024). Incidencia de lesiones en deportistas de alto rendimiento de Stand Up Paddle. Retos, 56, 258–264. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103586
Boletín Oficial del Estado. (2023). Real Decreto 186/2023, de 21 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de Ordenación de la Navegación Marítima. Recuperado el 12/05/2025, de https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2023-7410
Burgoyne, N. (2010). The stand up paddle book. Lava Rock Publishing.
Casey, R. (2011). Stand up paddling: Flatwater to surf and rivers. Mountaineers Books.
Castañeda-Babarro, A., Balerdi, E., & León-Guereño, P. (2022). Análisis del stand up paddle: Una revi-sión sistemática. Retos, 44, 193–201. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.90595
Castañeda-Babarro, A., Viribay‑Morales, A., León‑Guereño, P., Urdanpilleta‑Otegui, A., Mielgo‑Ayuso, J., & Coca, A. (2020). Anthropometric profile, body composition, and somatotype in stand‑up pad-dle (SUP) boarding international athletes: A cross‑sectional study. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 37(5), 958–963. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.03189
Coherent Market Insights. (2025, February 20). Stand up paddleboard market: Trends & forecast, 2025–2032. Recuperado el 03/03/2025, de https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/industry-reports/stand-up-paddleboard-market
European Commission. (2025, April 29). Unbalanced tourism: Which European destinations are poten-tially vulnerable?. Recuperado el 03/05/2025, de https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/unbalanced-tourism-which-european-destinations-are-potentially-vulnerable-2025-04-29_en
Federación Española de Surf. (2024). Stand up paddle. Recuperado el 06/04/2025, de https://www.fesurf.es/competiciones/stand-up-paddle/
Freitas, J., Conceição, A., Louro, H., Forte, P., Marinho, D. A., & Neiva, H. P. (2023). A systematic review for stand‑up paddle. The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 16(1), e1875399X269171. https://doi.org/10.2174/011875399X269171231207102715
Furness, J., Olorunnife, O., Schram, B., Climstein, M., & Hing, W. (2017). Epidemiology of injuries in stand‑up paddle boarding. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(6), 2325967117710759. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967117710759
Helliker, K. (2010, August 25). Surf’s up: The rise of stand‑up paddle boards. The Wall Street Journal.
Iberley. (2018). Decreto 25/2018, de 27 de julio, sobre la conservación de la Posidonia oceanica en las Illes Balears. Recuperado el 10/05/2025, de https://www.iberley.es/legislacion/decreto-25-2018-27-julio-sobre-conservacion-posidonia-oceanica-illes-balears-25971371
Kleiner, A., & Hunziker, M. (2023). Stand‑up paddling: A case study on the effect and impact pathway of information and appeals to reduce ecological conflicts. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 44, 100743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100743
Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte & Consejo Superior de Deportes. (2022). Encuesta de hábitos deporti-vos en España 2022: Resultados detallados. Recuperado el 05/04/2025.
Natural England. (2020). Marine recreation evidence briefing: Non‑motorised watercraft. Recuperado el 18/04/2025, de https://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/file/5298151744864256
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Pérez‑Gutiérrez, M., Castanedo‑Alonso, J. M., & Cobo‑Corrales, C. (2021). El surf en la educación for-mal: Revisión sistemática. Retos, 41, 684–694. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v41i0.82917
Reuters. (2025, May 18). Thousands protest against overtourism in Spain’s Canary Islands. Recuperado el 20/05/2025, de https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/thousands-protest-against-overtourism-spains-canary-islands-2025-05-18/
Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S., Ayala, A. P., Moher, D., Page, M. J., & Koffel, J. B. (2021). PRISMA‑S: An extension to the PRISMA Statement for reporting literature searches in systema-tic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 10, 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z
Ruess, C., Kristen, K. H., Eckelt, M., Mally, F., & Litzenberger, S. (2013a). Activity of trunk and leg mus-cles during stand up paddle surfing. Procedia Engineering, 60, 57–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.07.008
Ruess, C., Kristen, K. H., Eckelt, M., Mally, F., & Litzenberger, S. (2013b). Stand up paddle surfing—An aerobic workout and balance training. Procedia Engineering, 60, 62–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.07.009
Santos, D. (2022). Los orígenes del surf en Hawai: ¿La mejor campaña de marketing turístico de la his-toria? Retos, 44, 1132–1140. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.90970
Santos González, D. (2024). No vas a dejar el surf: Reflexiones sobre las motivaciones y condicionantes sociales de su práctica. Retos, 59, 903–911. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.108656
Schram, B. (2015). Stand up paddle boarding: An analysis of a new sport and recreational activity (Te-sis doctoral). Bond University. Recuperado el 07/01/2025, de https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/stand-up-paddle-boarding-an-analysis-of-a-new-sport-and-recre
Schram, B., Hing, W., & Climstein, M. (2015). Profiling the sport of stand‑up paddle boarding. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(10), 937–944. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1079331
Schram, B., Hing, W., & Climstein, M. (2016). The physiological, musculoskeletal and psychological effects of stand up paddle boarding. BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation, 8, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-016-0057-6
Schram, B., Furness, J., Kemp‑Smith, K., Sharp, J., Cristini, M., Harvie, D., … Becker, M. (2019). A biome-chanical analysis of the stand‑up paddle board stroke: A comparative study. PeerJ, 7, e8006. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8006
SkyQuest Technology Consulting Pvt. Ltd. (2023). Stand‑up paddle board market size, growth & trends report | 2032. Recuperado el 19/05/2025, de https://www.skyquestt.com/report/stand-up-paddle-board-market
Swadling, D. S., West, G. J., Gibson, P. T., Laird, R. J., & Glasby, T. M. (2023). Don’t go breaking apart: Anthropogenic disturbances predict meadow fragmentation of an endangered seagrass. Aqua-tic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 33(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3905
Tyndall, J. (2010). AACODS Checklist: Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance. Flinders University. Recuperado el 13/02/2025.
Universidad de Canberra. (s. f.). Appraisal (The AACODS Checklist)—Grey Literature in Health. Recu-perado el 01/09/2025.
West, S. (2012). Stand up paddle: A paddlers guide. Batini Books.
Willmott, A. G. B., Sayers, M. G., & Brickley, G. (2016). The physiological and perceptual responses of stand‑up paddle board exercise in laboratory and field settings. European Journal of Sport Science, 16(8), 1023–1033. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1171847
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Eliseo Andreu Cabrera

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.