Mecanismo fisiológico del ejercicio de yoga como control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Henri Gunawan Pratama STKIP PGRI Trenggalek
  • Muhammad Muhyi Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya
  • Suharti Suharti Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya
  • Octavian Serka Yudha Pratama Universitas Bina Bangsa Banten
  • Gosy Endra Vigriawan Universitas Negeri Malang
  • Andi Fepriyanto STKIP PGRI Sumenep
  • Junian Cahyanto Wibawa STKIP PGRI Trenggalek
  • Novadri Ayubi Universitas Negeri Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.117008

Palabras clave:

Ejercicio de yoga, control glucémico, salud, diabetes mellitus

Resumen

Antecedentes. Este estudio tiene como objetivo revisar periódicamente cómo la práctica del yoga afecta el control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus.

Objetivos de la investigación: Este estudio buscó determinar los efectos del yoga en el manejo de la glucemia en personas con diabetes mellitus.

Métodos. Se revisaron diversas bases de datos de revistas, como Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed y Science Direct. Este estudio consideró diversas variables, incluyendo investigaciones sobre yoga, diabetes mellitus, control glucémico y ejercicio físico publicadas entre 2020 y 2025. Se excluyeron de esta revisión sistemática los artículos que no cumplían los criterios de inclusión, como aquellos cuyas muestras no incluían pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Utilizando las bases de datos de Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct y Pubmed, se identificó un total de 727 artículos. Diez estudios cuidadosamente seleccionados y revisados por pares abordaron la necesidad de este cambio sistémico. Para este estudio, se estableció un procedimiento operativo estándar (PRISMA) según las directrices de Sistemática y Metaanálisis de Informes Preferidos (PRISMA).

Resultados. Los resultados de este extenso estudio demuestran que la práctica regular de yoga puede ayudar a las personas con diabetes mellitus a controlar sus niveles de azúcar en sangre. Conclusión. Se ha demostrado que las posturas de yoga ayudan a las personas con diabetes mellitus a controlar sus niveles de azúcar en sangre. Por lo tanto, el yoga podría recomendarse como tratamiento para la diabetes y así controlar sus niveles de azúcar en sangre.

Citas

Angadi, P., Jagannathan, A., Thulasi, A., Kumar, V., Umamaheshwar, K., & Raghuram, N. (2017). Adherence to yoga and its resultant effects on blood glucose in Type 2 diabetes: A community-based follow-up study. International Journal of Yoga, 10(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-6131.186159

Aswathy, S., Unnikrishnan, A., & Kalra, S. (2013). Effective management of type 2 DM in India: Looking at low-cost adjunctive therapy. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(1), 149. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.107865

Ayubi, N., Wibawa, J. C., Lesmana, H. S., Callixte, C., & Dafun, P. B. (2024). Physical exercise induces increased translocation of type 4 glucose transporters (GLUT4): a systematic review. Retos, 59, 1003–1008. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.104078

Balaji, R., Ramanathan, M., & Bhavanani, A. B. (2020). Nephroprotective Impact of Adjuvant Yoga Therapy on Diabetes- A Randomised Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, December 2020, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2020/39687.14318

Bodke, H., Wagh, V., & Kakar, G. (2023). Diabetes Mellitus and Prevalence of Other Comorbid Conditions: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 15(11). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.49374

Chimkode, S. M., Kumaran, S. D., Kanhere, V. V., & Shivanna, R. (2015). Effect of yoga on blood glucose levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 9(4), CC01–CC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/12666.5744

Cho, S. C., & Shaw, S. Y. (2024). Tea seed saponin‑reduced extract ameliorates palmitic acid‑induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 29(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2023.13149

Dhali, B., Chatterjee, S., Das, S. S., & Cruz, M. D. (2023). Effect of Yoga and Walking on Glycemic Control for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies, 38(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.02.20

Dündar, Ö., Can, S., Eliaçık, S., & Yıldırım, T. (2024). The effects of a hatha yoga-based exercises program on pain with migraine in women: A randomized controlled study. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 16(1), 305–313. https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2024-0032

Dwivedi, S., & Singla, S. (2014). Science of Exercise : Ancient Indian Origin. Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 62(December), 73.

Gowri, M. M., Rajendran, J., Srinivasan, A. R., Bhavanani, A. B., & Meena, R. (2022). Impact of an Integrated Yoga Therapy Protocol on Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal, 13(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5041/RMMJ.10462

Hirosaki, M., Ohira, T., Wu, Y., Eguchi, E., Shirai, K., Imano, H., Funakubo, N., Nishizawa, H., Katakami, N., Shimomura, I., & Iso, H. (2023). Laughter yoga as an enjoyable therapeutic approach for glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14(March), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1148468

Hossain, M. J., Al-Mamun, M., & Islam, M. R. (2024). Diabetes mellitus, the fastest growing global public health concern: Early detection should be focused. Health Science Reports, 7(3), 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.2004

Ismail, H. M., Scapozza, L., Ruegg, U. T., & Dorchies, O. M. (2014). Diapocynin, a dimer of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, reduces ROS production and prevents force loss in eccentrically contracting dystrophic muscle. PLoS ONE, 9(10), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110708

Jahandarpour, S., & Sobhani, M. R. (2022). Yoga-based Mindfulness Training as an Intervention for the Reduction of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 98, 0–2. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijdo.v14i2.9452

Kaur, N., Majumdar, V., Nagarathna, R., Malik, N., Anand, A., & Nagendra, H. R. (2021). Diabetic yoga protocol improves glycemic, anthropometric and lipid levels in high risk individuals for diabetes: a randomized controlled trial from Northern India. Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome, 13(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00761-1

Laraeni, Y., Danuyanti, I. G. A. N., Resnhaleksmana, E., Pauzi, I., Mataram, I. K. A., & Agustini, N. P. (2021). High antioxidant level in cajanus sajan reduces blood glucose level and improves blood lipid profile of rats as diabetes mellitus models. International Journal of Health Sciences, 5(1), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijhs.v5n1.725

Lavanya, & Devi, H. C. (2021). Effect of Yoga on Women with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Selected Area of Coimbatore. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research (Www.Ijshr.Com), 6(March), 225. www.ijshr.com

Magliano DJ, B. Ej. (2021). International Diabetes Federation. In Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (Vol. 102, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2013.10.013

Malone, J. I., & Hansen, B. C. (2019). Does obesity cause type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)? Or is it the opposite? Pediatric Diabetes, 20(1), 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12787

Maurya, S., Patil, S., Singh, A., Rani, I., Kaur, N., Mohanty, S., Anand, A., & Nagarathna, R. (2025). The impact of three months of adjuvant yoga intervention on glycemic control among adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized control trial. Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome , 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01632-9

Ong, K. L., Stafford, L. K., McLaughlin, S. A., Boyko, E. J., Vollset, S. E., Smith, A. E., Dalton, B. E., Duprey, J., Cruz, J. A., Hagins, H., Lindstedt, P. A., Aali, A., Abate, Y. H., Abate, M. D., Abbasian, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, Z., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., ElHafeez, S. A., Abd-Rabu, R., … Vos, T. (2023). Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet, 402(10397), 203–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01301-6

Ranga, S., Agrawal, S., Rukadikar, C., & Rukadikar, A. (2021). Study of effect of yoga on blood pressure, blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 11(0), 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02056202110032021

Raveendran, A. V., Deshpandae, A., & Joshi, S. R. (2018). Therapeutic Role of Yoga in Type 2 Diabetes. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 33(3), 307–317. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.3.307

S Mullur, R., & Ames, D. (2016). Impact of a 10 minute Seated Yoga Practice in the Management of Diabetes. Journal of Yoga & Physical Therapy, 06(01), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000224

Saberipour, B., Gheibizadeh, M., Maraghi, E., & Moradi, L. (2020). Comparing the Effect of Walking and Yoga on Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Men with Type II Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc.99977

Sampath Kumar, A., Maiya, A. G., Shastry, B. A., Vaishali, K., Ravishankar, N., Hazari, A., Gundmi, S., & Jadhav, R. (2019). Exercise and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 62(2), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.11.001

Satish, L. (2013). Yoga: The Original Mind Body Medicine. Annals of SBV, 2(2), 26–26. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10085-2218

Sharma, S., Bhardwaj, S., Jangir, S., & Gupta, B. (2020). Influence of yoga on status of lipid indices in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 40(3), 410–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00813-8

Sriwahyuni, S., Darmawan, S., Nurdin, S., Allo, O. A., & Hasifah, H. (2023). The Effectiveness of Yoga Exercise to Reduce Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Sufferers. International Journal of Nursing Information, 2(2), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.58418/ijni.v2i2.44

Sriwahyuni, S., Junaidin, J., Kasim, J., Hamundu, N., & Darmawan, S. (2021). Control Blood Sugar Levels by Brisk Walking Method. Jurnal Ners Dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery), 8(3), 328–333. https://doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v8i3.art.p328-333

The Lancet. (2023). Diabetes: a defining disease of the 21st century. The Lancet, 401(10394), 2087. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01296-5

Tiwari, A., & Tirkey, D. D. (2024). Effects of yoga on physical and physiological variables: A narrative review. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 11(1), 208–211. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2024.v11.i1d.3222

Yuniartika, W., Sudaryanto, A., Muhlisin, A., Hudiyawati, D., & Pribadi, D. R. A. (2021). Effects of yoga therapy and walking therapy in reducing blood sugar levels on diabetes mellitus patients in the community. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, 906–912. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7104

Descargas

Publicado

2025-08-12

Cómo citar

Gunawan Pratama, H., Muhyi, M., Suharti, S., Yudha Pratama, O. S., Vigriawan, G. E., Fepriyanto, A., … Ayubi, N. (2025). Mecanismo fisiológico del ejercicio de yoga como control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 70, 1403–1411. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.117008

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis