Desarrollo de una actividad de aprendizaje al aire libre: mejorando las habilidades sociales con contenido de sabiduría local para la primera infancia

Autores/as

  • Syahran Yusuf Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Nurhizrah Gistituati Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Sufyarma Marsidin Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Teguh Arie Sandy Ahli Media Consultant https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3246-7310

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.116917

Palabras clave:

Educación infantil temprana , aprendizaje al aire libre, desarrollo de habilidades sociales, Kato Nan Ampek

Resumen

Introducción y Objetivo. La educación infantil temprana en Indonesia se enfoca predominantemente en aspectos cognitivos, descuidando el desarrollo de habilidades sociales. Los enfoques tradicionales basados en el aula limitan las oportunidades de los niños para interacciones sociales auténticas y la formación de identidad cultural. Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar y evaluar un modelo de aprendizaje al aire libre que integre los valores de la sabiduría local Kato Nan Ampek para mejorar las habilidades sociales en la educación infantil temprana.

Metodología. Se empleó un enfoque de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D) utilizando el modelo ADDIE (Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación, Evaluación). El estudio involucró a 186 niños de 4-6 años de tres instituciones de Educación Infantil Temprana en la ciudad de Padang, junto con 12 maestros. La recolección de datos utilizó encuestas, entrevistas y observaciones, con técnicas de análisis tanto cuantitativas como cualitativas.

Resultados. El modelo desarrollado demostró altas puntuaciones de validez (4.29-4.41), indicando una fuerte adecuación del contenido y calidad del diseño. Las pruebas de efectividad revelaron una mejora significativa del 57.4% en las habilidades sociales de los niños, con una N-Gain de 0.58 (efectividad moderada). El modelo logró una calificación de practicidad del 82.5% por parte de los maestros, confirmando su viabilidad para la implementación en el mundo real.

Conclusiones. La integración de la sabiduría local Kato Nan Ampek en el aprendizaje al aire libre mejora exitosamente las habilidades sociales de la primera infancia mientras preserva los valores culturales. Este enfoque educativo culturalmente receptivo proporciona un marco sostenible para desarrollar una educación infantil temprana contextual y efectiva que fortalece tanto las competencias sociales como la identidad cultural.

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Publicado

2025-08-14

Cómo citar

Yusuf, S., Gistituati, N., Marsidin, S., & Sandy, T. A. (2025). Desarrollo de una actividad de aprendizaje al aire libre: mejorando las habilidades sociales con contenido de sabiduría local para la primera infancia. Retos, 70, 1390–1402. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.116917

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas