El entrenamiento de fuerza y la suplementación con picolinato de cromo no reducen la adiposidad ni mejoran la morfología muscular en ratas obesas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.114584Palabras clave:
Picolinato de cromo, dietas hipercalóricas, ratas, entrenamiento de fuerza, obesidadResumen
Introducción: La obesidad ocasiona disfunciones metabólicas, como resistencia a la insulina y dislipidemia, que perjudican la remodelación y función del músculo esquelético. El entrenamiento de fuerza contrarresta estos efectos al mejorar el control glucémico, reducir la adiposidad y aumentar la masa muscular. El picolinato de cromo (CrPic), suplemento para optimizar la señalización de insulina y la síntesis proteica, se promociona para mejorar la composición corporal. Aunque estudios mecanicistas apuntan a beneficios de CrPic, la evidencia sobre su eficacia es limitada, sobre todo en combinación con entrenamiento de fuerza. El impacto conjunto de esta asociación en la morfología muscular y los parámetros metabólicos en obesidad no se ha definido.
Objetivo: Investigar los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza con suplementación de CrPic sobre morfología del músculo esquelético, adiposidad, perfil lipídico y tolerancia a la glucosa en ratas obesas.
Metodología: Protocolo de 22 semanas en tres fases: inducción de obesidad, mantenimiento y fase de intervención con entrenamiento de fuerza y/o CrPic. Las ratas realizaron entrenamiento de fuerza tres veces por semana y recibieron CrPic por sonda orogástrica.
Resultados: La combinación de entrenamiento y CrPic no redujo adiposidad ni mejoró intolerancia a la glucosa o resistencia a la insulina. En bioquímica, el grupo con entrenamiento y CrPic mostró mayor HDLc, indicando efecto positivo atribuible al entrenamiento de fuerza. Ni el entrenamiento ni CrPic causaron cambios morfológicos en músculos esqueléticos.
Conclusión: En este modelo, el entrenamiento de fuerza con CrPic no es eficaz para reducir adiposidad ni aumentar masa muscular.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Daniel da Silva, Lucas Domingos, Amanda Madureira, Suellem Torezani-Salles, Danilo Bocalini, Breno Nogueira, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, André Leopoldo
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Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
