Efectos de la sauna después del ejercicio aeróbico sobre el perfil lipídico, la composición corporal y el dolor muscular en hombres obesos y no obesos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.112740Palabras clave:
saunas secas, saunas de infrarrojos, perfil lipídico, composición corporal, dolor muscularResumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los efectos incrementales de una sola sesión de sauna seca y la exposición a la sauna infrarroja como modalidades de recuperación tras el ejercicio aeróbico en el perfil lipídico, la composición corporal y el dolor muscular en hombres obesos y no obesos.
Metodología: En este estudio participaron dieciséis hombres obesos (G1; edad:20,25±1,24) y dieciséis hombres no obesos (G2; edad:20,75±0,93). Los sujetos fueron asignados aleatoriamente para recibir todos los tratamientos (diseño cruzado) con un intervalo de medición de 7 días, incluyendo una sauna seca (SS, 40±2°C), una sauna de infrarrojos (SI, 45±2°C) y permanecer sentados en reposo (CTR, temperatura ambiente). Los sujetos realizaron ejercicio aeróbico con un ergómetro a intensidad moderada durante 60 minutos. Los parámetros medidos fueron el perfil lipídico, la composición corporal y el dolor muscular.
Resultados: Se observó una disminución significativa (p<0,05) en los niveles de HDL en G2 (SI, CTR). Aumento significativo (p<0,05) en los niveles de colesterol total en G2 (IRS). Reducción significativa del nivel de grasa visceral en G1 (SS, SI, CTR), pero no en G2. Se observaron aumentos significativos de la masa ósea en G1 (CTR) y G2 (SS). No se observaron diferencias significativas en los valores VAS en todas las modalidades.
Discusión: La incorporación de una sesión de modalidad de recuperación no logró cambiar significativamente el perfil lipídico y la composición corporal de los sujetos en ambos grupos. Se necesitan estudios crónicos a largo plazo para aclarar los resultados. Basándonos en los hallazgos, recomendamos la incorporación de SI después del ejercicio en casos de obesidad, debido a la reducción de los niveles de triglicéridos y grasa visceral. En personas no obesas, la recuperación pasiva es la más eficaz.
Conclusiones: Se necesitan más investigaciones con intervenciones más prolongadas para complementar los hallazgos.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Oce Wiriawan, Arifah Kaharina, Hari Setijono, Anindya Mar’atus Sholikhah, A Burhanuddin Kusuma Nugraha, Sapto Wibowo, Idzam Kholid Akbar, Shidqi Hamdi Pratama Putera
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