Comparative analysis of motor coordination and Body Mass Index in schoolchildren who participate only in physical education classes and extracurricular sports
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103840Keywords:
Motor coordination, Schoolchildren, Physical education, school sports, extracurricular activitiesAbstract
The study aimed to compare Motor Coordination and Body Mass Index in schoolchildren who participate only in Physical education classes with those who also participate in extracurricular sports. The study was cross-sectional, descriptive, and comparative. The sample was made up of 96 schoolchildren (41 girls and 55 boys, 11.7± 0.7 years). Height and body weight were measured. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. The evaluation of MC was performed with the Körperkoordinations test Für Kinder (KTK). The results revealed significant differences between the Extracurricular Sports Group (GDEX) and the Physical Education Group (GEF), in One-legged hopping for height, Lateral Transposition, KTK total score (p<0.01) and Lateral Jumps (p<0.05), with effect size (ES) “moderate” (d= 0.40 to 0.66). Likewise, the GDEX schoolchildren showed better values with respect to the GEF in Body Weight (p<0.05), and BMI (p<0.01), ES “moderate” (d= -0.49 and -0.54; respectively). It is concluded that schoolchildren who participate in extracurricular sports have better levels of Motor Coordination, BMI, and body weight than those who only participate in Physical education classes.
Key words: Motor coordination; Schoolchildren; Physical education; school sports; extracurricular activities.
References
Alvarez, C. E., Monge, M. F. H., González, E. H., Víquez, G. V., & Vargas, G. A. (2020). Sobrepeso, obesidad, nive-les de actividad física y autoestima de la niñez centroamericana: Un análisis comparativo entre países. Retos, 37, 238-246. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.71680
Arrabal, V. R., Cáliz, R. C., & Pérez, A. G. (2024). Comparativa entre la condición anatómica y fisiológica de un gru-po de niños con y sin sobrepeso en las clases de educación física y sus hábitos sedentarios. Retos, 51, 782-790. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99262
Barnett, L. M., Van Beurden, E., Morgan, P. J., Brooks, L. O., & Beard, J. R. (2008). Does childhood motor skill proficiency predict adolescent fitness? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(12), 2137-2144. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818160d3
Benjumea, J. M. C., Afonso, J. R., Pineda, S. M., & Truan, J. C. F. (2017). Test de coordinación motriz 3JS: Cómo valorar y analizar su ejecución. Retos, 32, 189-193. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i32.52720
Bucco-dos Santos, L., & Zubiaur-González, M. (2013). Desarrollo de las habilidades motoras fundamentales en fun-ción del sexo y del índice de masa corporal en escolares. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 13(2), https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1578-84232013000200007
Burton, A. M., Cowburn, I., Thompson, F., Eisenmann, J. C., Nicholson, B., & Till, K. (2023). Associations Between Motor Competence and Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Psychosocial Characteristics in Adolescents: A Sys-tematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 53(11), 2191-2256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01886-1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2021). Desarrollo temprano del cerebro y salud | CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/spanish/childdevelopment/early-brain-development.html
Clark, J. E., & Metcalfe, J. S. (2002). The mountain of motor development: a metaphor. NASPE Publications.
Claros, J. A. V., Alvarez, C. V., Arenas, A. A., & Sánchez, J. H. P. (2022). Valores percentiles de la condición física saludable en escolares. Retos, 43, 162-170. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88112
Cohen, J. (2009). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2. ed.). Psychology Press.
D’Hondt, va, Deforche, B., Vaeyens, R., Vandorpe, B., Vandendriessche, J., Pion, J., Philippaerts, R., de Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Lenoir, M. (2011). Gross motor coordination in relation to weight status and age in 5- to 12-year-old boys and girls: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 6(sup3), e556-564. https://doi.org/10.3109/17477166.2010.500388
Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Román-Viñas, B., & Font-Lladó, R. (2017). ¿Por qué es importante desarrollar la compe-tencia motriz en la infancia y la adolescencia? Base para un estilo de vida saludable. Apunts. Medicina de l’Esport, 52(195), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2016.11.001
Herlitz, M. J., Rodriguez, J., David, G., Carrasco-Lopez, S., Gomez-Campos, R., Urra-Albornoz, C., Campos, L. F. C. C. de, Vega-Novoa, S., & Cossio-Bolaños, M. A. (2021). Relación entre coordinación motora con indicadores de adiposidad corporal en niños. Retos, 39, 125-128. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.78378
Herrmann, C., & Seelig, H. (2017). Basic motor competencies of fifth graders. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Re-search, 47(2), 110-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-016-0430-3
Hinkley, T., Salmon, J., Okely, A. D., Crawford, D., & Hesketh, K. (2012). Preschoolers’ physical activity, screen time, and compliance with recommendations. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(3), 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318233763b
Holfelder, B., & Schott, N. (2014). Relationship of fundamental movement skills and physical activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(4), 382-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.03.005
Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas, Chile [JUNAEB]. (2021). Informe Mapa Nutricional 2019. Lira, Mariana. https://www.junaeb.cl/informe-mapa-nutricional-2021_final/
King-Dowling, S., Proudfoot, N. A., Cairney, J., & Timmons, B. W. (2020). Motor Competence, Physical Activity, and Fitness across Early Childhood. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 52(11), 2342–2348. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002388
Kiphard, E. J., & Schilling, V. F. (1974). Köperkoordinationstest für Kinder–KTK, Beltz Test. Weinhein: Gmbh.
Kohl, H. W., III, & Hobbs, K. E. (1998). Development of Physical Activity Behaviors Among Children and Adoles-cents. Pediatrics, 101(Supplement_2), 549-554. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.S2.549
Lloyd, R. S., & Oliver, J. L. (2012). The Youth Physical Development Model: A New Approach to Long-Term Athlet-ic Development. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31825760ea
Logan, S. W., Robinson, L. E., Wilson, A. E., & Lucas, W. A. (2012). Getting the fundamentals of movement: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of motor skill interventions in children. Child: Care, Health and Development, 38(3), 305-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01307.x
Lopes, L. O., Lopes, V. P., Santos, R., & Pereira, B. (2010). Associações entre actividade física, habilidades e coordenação motora em crianças portuguesas. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 15-21. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n1p15
Lopes, V. P., Stodden, D. F., Bianchi, M. M., Maia, J. A. R., & Rodrigues, L. P. (2012). Correlation between BMI and motor coordination in children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(1), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.07.005
Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Cliff, D. P., Barnett, L. M., & Okely, A. D. (2010). Fundamental Movement Skills in Children and Adolescents. Sports Medicine, 40(12), 1019-1035. https://doi.org/10.2165/11536850-000000000-00000
Luna-Villouta, P. F., Torres-Navarrro, R., Aránguiz-Aburto, H., & Matus-Castillo, C. (2023). Análisis de la coordi-nación motora por Índice de Masa Corporal y sexo en escolares de Chile. Revista Ciencias de la Actividad Física UCM, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.29035/rcaf.24.2.6
Malina, R. M., Bouchard, C., & Bar-Or, O. (2004). Growth, maturation, and physical activity (2nd ed). Human Kinetics.
Marfell-Jones, M. J., Stewart, A. D., & de Ridder, J. H. (2012). International standards for anthropometric assessment. International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. http://hdl.handle.net/11072/1510
Marinho, B., & das Virgens Chagas, D. (2022). ¿Puede el nivel de coordinación motora predecir el rendimiento en habilidades específicas de volea en los jóvenes?. Retos, 45, 195–201. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.90359
McKenzie, T. L., Sallis, J. F., Broyles, S. L., Zive, M. M., Nader, P. R., Berry, C. C., & Brennan, J. J. (2002). Child-hood movement skills: Predictors of physical activity in Anglo American and Mexican American adolescents? Re-search Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 73(3), 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2002.10609017
Moore, S. A., Mckay, H. A., Macdonald, H., Nettlefold, L., Baxter-Jones, A. D. G., Cameron, N., & Brasher, P. M. A. (2015). Enhancing a Somatic Maturity Prediction Model. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(8), https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000588
Müller, C. M., Candia-Cabrera, P., Casas-Sotomayor, F., & Carcamo-Oyarzun, J. (2022). La competencia motriz real y percibida en contexto de ruralidad según el sexo y la participación deportiva extraescolar. Cuadernos de Psico-logía del Deporte, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.482421
Muriel, V., Ensenyat, A., García-Molina, A., Aparicio-López, C., & Roig-Rovira, T. (2014). Déficits cognitivos y abordajes terapéuticos en parálisis cerebral infantil. Acción Psicológica, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.1.1.13915
Okely, A. D., Booth, M. L., & Patterson, J. W. (2001). Relationship of physical activity to fundamental movement skills among adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(11), 1899-1904. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200111000-00015
Oliveira Nogueira, L. de, Lopes, V. P., Santos, R., & Pereira, B. (2010). Associações entre actividade física, habilidades e coordenação motora em crianças portuguesas. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 13(1), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n1p15
Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., & Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: A powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity, 32(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
Otero, I. R., & Pérez, L. M. R. (2015). Adolescence, motor coordination problems and competence. Educación XX1, 18(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.14601
Robinson, L. E., Stodden, D. F., Barnett, L. M.,Lopes, V. P., Logan, S. W., Rodrigues, L. P., &D’Hondt, E. (2015). Motor Competence and its Effecton Positive Developmental Trajectories of Health. SportsMedicine, 45(9), 1273–1284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0351-6
Rodríguez-Briceño, D., Castro-Vilugron, F., Díaz-Alvarado, M., & Oyarzun, J. C. (2022). La competencia motriz en estudiantes chilenos de 3° y 4° de educación básica. Aprendizajes esperados versus realidad. Retos, 44, 515-524. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.91095
Ruiz, L. M., Mata, E., & Moreno, J. A. (2007). Los problemas evolutivos de coordinación motriz y su tratamiento en la edad escolar: Estado de la cuestión. Motricidad. European Journal of Human Movement, 18, 1-17. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=274220374001
Schilling, F., & Kiphard, E. J. (1976). The Body Coordination Test. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation, 47(4), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00971170.1976.10612272
Stodden, D. F., Goodway, J. D., Langendorfer, S. J., Roberton, M. A., Rudisill, M. E., Garcia, C., & Garcia, L. E. (2008). A Developmental Perspective on the Role of Motor Skill Competence in Physical Activity: An Emergent Relationship. Quest, 60(2), 290-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582
Torralba, M. A., Vieira, M. B., Lleixà, T., & Gorla, J. I. (2016). Evaluación de la coordinación motora en educación primaria de Barcelona y provincia. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, 62(2016), 355-371. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2016.62.011
Valdivia, A. B., Cartagena, L. C., Sarria, N. E., Távara, I. S., Seabra, A. F. T. E., Silva, R. M. G. D., & Maia, J. A. R. (2008). Coordinación motora: Influencia de la edad, sexo, estatus socio-económico y niveles de adiposidad en ni-ños peruanos. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 10(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2008v10n1p25
Vandorpe, B., Vandendriessche, J., Vaeyens, R., Pion, J., Matthys, S., Lefevre, J., Philippaerts, R., & Lenoir, M. (2012). Relationship between sports participation and the level of motor coordination in childhood: A longitudinal approach. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(3), 220-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.09.006
Vargas, X. P., García, M. C., Sepúlveda, M. C., Matus, D. P., & Villouta, P. L. (2017). Comparación del desarrollo motor en escolares de 9 y 10 años de edad en clases de educación física y talleres deportivos extracurriculares. Ciencias de la Actividad Física UCM, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.29035/rcaf.18.2.1
World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medi-cal Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA, 310(20). https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
Zapata, J. J. C., Montoya, N. E., & Palacio, E. V. G. (2023). Evaluación de las capacidades perceptivo motrices en el contexto escolar – Diseño y validación de una batería. Retos, 47, 593-602. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95726
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
